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TABLE OF CONTENTS Prospectus Supplement
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of Contents

Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2)
Registration No. 333-225318


CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

       
 
Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered
  Proposed Maximum
Aggregate Offering
Price

  Amount of
Registration Fee(1)

 

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

  $1,000,000,000   $47,267(2)

 

(1)
Calculated in accordance with Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, based on the proposed maximum aggregate offering price, and Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act.

(2)
A filing fee of $73,933 was previously paid in connection with $593,841,667 of unsold shares under HCP, Inc.'s currently outstanding "at-the-market" program (the "2018 ATM Program"), established pursuant to the sales agreement, dated May 31, 2018, among HCP, Inc. and the sales agents party thereto from time to time (the "2018 ATM Sales Agreement"), that are registered under a registration statement on Form S-3, Registration Statement No. 333-225318 initially filed on May 31, 2018, and a registration statement on Form S-3, Registration Statement No. 333-205241 initially filed on June 26, 2015. The 2018 ATM Program is being terminated concurrently with the filing of this prospectus supplement pursuant to the terms of the 2018 ATM Sales Agreement. The registration fees paid in connection with the unsold shares under the 2018 ATM Sales Agreement will continue to be applied to the "at-the-market" program that is being established pursuant to this prospectus supplement. Accordingly, HCP, Inc. is offsetting $73,933 of previously paid unutilized filing fees against the total filing fee of $121,200 in connection with the filing of this prospectus supplement.

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PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(To Prospectus dated May 31, 2018)

LOGO

$1,000,000,000

HCP, Inc.

Common Stock



           We have entered into an "at-the-market" equity offering sales agreement, or the sales agreement, with each of J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Barclays Capital Inc., BNY Mellon Capital Markets, LLC, Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Credit Agricole Securities (USA) Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, Mizuho Securities USA LLC, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, RBC Capital Markets, LLC, UBS Securities LLC and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC (or certain of their respective affiliates), in their capacity as Sales Agents, Forward Purchasers and/or as Forward Sellers, in each case as described below, relating to shares of our common stock offered by this prospectus supplement. We refer to these entities, when acting in their capacity as sales agents, individually as a "Sales Agent" and collectively as "Sales Agents," and when acting in their capacity as agents for Forward Purchasers, individually as a "Forward Seller" and collectively as "Forward Sellers."

           The sales agreement provides that, in addition to the issuance and sale of the shares of our common stock by us through the Sales Agents, we may also enter into one or more forward sale agreements with one or more of the Sales Agents or their affiliates (individually, in such capacity, a "Forward Purchaser" and collectively, in such capacity, the "Forward Purchasers"). In connection with any forward sale agreement, the relevant Forward Purchaser, which in each case is either a Sales Agent or an affiliate of a Sales Agent, will, at our request, use commercially reasonable efforts, consistent with its normal trading and sales practices for similar transactions and applicable law and regulation, to borrow from third parties and, through its affiliated Forward Seller, sell a number of shares of our common stock equal to the number of shares of our common stock underlying the particular forward sale agreement. In no event will the aggregate number of shares of our common stock sold through the Sales Agents or Forward Sellers (or directly to the Sales Agents, acting as principals) under the sales agreement, under any terms agreement (as described below), and under any forward sale agreement have an aggregate gross sales price in excess of $1,000,000,000.

           Sales of the shares of our common stock, if any, made through the Sales Agents, acting as our sales agents, or the Forward Sellers, acting as agents for the applicable Forward Purchaser, or directly to a Sales Agent, acting as principal, as contemplated by this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, may be made by means of ordinary brokers' transactions on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, the existing trading market for our common stock, by means of negotiated transactions or otherwise at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices.

           None of the Sales Agents, acting as our sales agents, or Forward Sellers, acting as agents for the applicable Forward Purchaser, is required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of shares of our common stock, but each has agreed to use its commercially reasonable efforts, as our sales agent or as agents for the applicable Forward Purchaser, as applicable, consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and applicable law and regulation and on the terms and subject to the conditions of the sales agreement, to sell the shares offered as instructed by us. The shares of our common stock offered and sold through the Sales Agents, as our sales agents, or Forward Sellers, as agents for the applicable Forward Purchaser, pursuant to this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, will be offered and sold through only one Sales Agent or Forward Seller on any given day.

           Each Sales Agent will be entitled to compensation not to exceed 2.0% of the gross sales price of all shares of our common stock sold through it as sales agent under the sales agreement. In connection with any forward sale agreement, we will pay the relevant Forward Seller, in the form of a reduced initial forward sale price under the related forward sale agreement with the related Forward Purchaser, commissions at a mutually agreed rate that will not exceed 2.0% of the gross sales price of all borrowed shares of common stock sold during the applicable forward hedge selling period by it as a Forward Seller.

           Under the terms of the sales agreement, we may also sell shares of our common stock to any of the Sales Agents, as principal, at a price per share to be agreed upon at the time of sale. If we sell shares directly to a Sales Agent as principal, we will enter into a separate terms agreement with that Sales Agent and we will describe the terms of the offering of those shares in a separate prospectus supplement.

           The net proceeds we receive from the sale of our common stock in this offering will be the gross proceeds received from such sales less the commissions and any other costs we may incur in issuing and/or selling the shares of our common stock; provided, however, that we will not initially receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock by any Forward Seller. We expect to physically settle each forward sale agreement (by the delivery of shares of our common stock) and receive proceeds from the sale of those shares of our common stock upon one or more forward settlement dates no later than the date that is two years from entry into the applicable forward sale agreement. We may also elect to cash settle or net share settle all or a portion of our obligations under any forward sale agreement (if we conclude that it is in our best interest to do so). If we elect to cash settle any forward sale agreement, we may not receive any proceeds, and we may owe cash to the relevant Forward Purchaser in certain circumstances. If we elect to net share settle any forward sale agreement, we will not receive any proceeds, and we may owe shares of our common stock to the relevant Forward Purchaser in certain circumstances. See "Plan of Distribution."

           Our common stock is traded on the NYSE, under the symbol "HCP." On February 25, 2019, the last reported sales price for our common stock on the NYSE was $30.80 per share. Shares of our common stock are subject to ownership and transfer limitations that are intended to assist us in complying with the requirements to continue to qualify as a real estate investment trust, or REIT. See "Description of Capital Stock—Transfer and Ownership Restrictions Relating to Our Common Stock" in the accompanying prospectus.

           Investing in our common stock involves risks. See "Risk Factors" beginning on page S-5 of this prospectus supplement and page 2 of the accompanying prospectus and the risk factors described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, as well as the risk factors relating to our business contained in documents we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.



           Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined that this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus is accurate or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.



J.P. Morgan

  Barclays   BNY Mellon Capital Markets, LLC

BofA Merrill Lynch

  Citigroup   Credit Agricole CIB

Credit Suisse

  Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC   Mizuho Securities

Morgan Stanley

  RBC Capital Markets   UBS Investment Bank   Wells Fargo Securities



   

The date of this prospectus supplement is February 26, 2019.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Prospectus Supplement

 
  Page  

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

    S-ii  

INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA

    S-ii  

CAUTIONARY LANGUAGE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

    S-iii  

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

    S-v  

SUMMARY

    S-1  

THE OFFERING

    S-2  

RISK FACTORS

    S-5  

USE OF PROCEEDS

    S-8  

SUPPLEMENTAL UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

    S-10  

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION (CONFLICTS OF INTEREST)

    S-11  

LEGAL MATTERS

    S-17  

EXPERTS

    S-17  


Prospectus

 
  Page  

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

    ii  

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

    ii  

CAUTIONARY LANGUAGE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

    iv  

SUMMARY

    1  

RISK FACTORS

    2  

USE OF PROCEEDS

    3  

RATIOS OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES

    4  

DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES

    5  

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

    6  

DESCRIPTION OF DEPOSITARY SHARES

    11  

DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

    14  

DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

    21  

CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF MARYLAND LAW AND HCP'S CHARTER AND BYLAWS

    23  

SELLING SECURITY HOLDERS

    29  

UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

    30  

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

    56  

VALIDITY OF SECURITIES

    59  

EXPERTS

    59  

        You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or in any free writing prospectus relating to this offering prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. We have not, and the Sales Agents, Forward Sellers and Forward Purchasers (and any of their respective affiliates) have not, authorized anyone to provide you with different information. We do not, and the Sales Agents, Forward Sellers and Forward Purchasers (and any of their respective affiliates) do not, take responsibility for, and do not provide any assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. We are not, and the Sales Agents and Forward Sellers (and any of their respective affiliates) are not, making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. This document may only be used where it is legal to sell these securities. You should not assume that the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or in any free writing prospectus relating to this offering prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you is accurate as of any date other than the date of each document. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

        This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are part of a registration statement that we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. This prospectus supplement adds to, updates and changes information contained in the accompanying prospectus. If the description of the offering varies between this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, you should rely on the information in this prospectus supplement.

        This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus incorporate by reference important business and financial information about us that is not included in or delivered with this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. You should carefully read this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, any free writing prospectus relating to this offering prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein that are described in this prospectus supplement under the heading "Where You Can Find More Information and Incorporation by Reference." If there is any inconsistency between the information in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, you should rely on the information in this prospectus supplement.

        In this prospectus supplement, unless otherwise indicated herein or the context otherwise indicates, the terms "HCP," "we," "us," "our" and the "Company" refer to HCP, Inc., together with its consolidated subsidiaries; and the term "common stock" refers to shares of HCP, Inc. common stock. Unless otherwise stated, currency amounts in this prospectus supplement are stated in United States, or U.S., dollars.


INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA

        In the documents incorporated and deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, we refer to information and statistics regarding, among other things, the industry, markets, submarkets and sectors in which we operate, including, among other things, estimated completion dates and costs of properties under development, and the number of square feet that could be developed. We obtained this information and these statistics from various third-party sources and our own internal estimates. We believe that these sources and estimates are reliable, but this information and these statistics (whether obtained from third-party sources or based on our internal estimates) are subject to assumptions, estimates and other uncertainties, and we have not independently verified them and cannot guarantee their accuracy or completeness.

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CAUTIONARY LANGUAGE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

        Statements in this prospectus supplement and the information incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus that are not historical factual statements are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). Forward-looking statements include, among other things, statements regarding our and our officers' intent, belief or expectation as identified by the use of words such as "may," "will," "project," "expect," "believe," "intend," "anticipate," "seek," "target," "forecast," "plan," "potential," "estimate," "could," "would," "should" and other comparable and derivative terms or the negatives thereof. Forward-looking statements reflect our current expectations and views about future events and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could significantly affect our future financial condition and results of operations. While forward-looking statements reflect our good faith belief and assumptions we believe to be reasonable based upon current information, we can give no assurance that our expectations or forecasts will be attained. As more fully set forth under "Risk Factors" in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus and under Part I, Item 1A. "Risk Factors" in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and in our future filings with the SEC, these risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the expectations contained in the forward-looking statements include, among other things:

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        Except as required by law, we do not undertake, and hereby disclaim, any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date on which they are made.

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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

        We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC under the Exchange Act. Our SEC filings are available to the public at our website at www.hcpi.com. The SEC also maintains a website, www.sec.gov, that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC, including HCP, Inc.

        The SEC allows us to "incorporate by reference" information we file with the SEC into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. This means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document that HCP has filed separately with the SEC.

        The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Information that HCP files with the SEC after the date of this prospectus supplement and that is incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus will update and supersede the information included or incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. We incorporate by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus the following documents (other than any portions of any such documents deemed to have been furnished and not filed in accordance with the applicable SEC rules):

        We will provide copies, without charge, of any documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus, excluding exhibits unless specifically incorporated by reference, to any persons to whom a prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus is delivered, including any beneficial owner, who requests them in writing or by telephone from:

Legal Department
HCP, Inc.
1920 Main Street, Suite 1200
Irvine, California 92614
(949) 407-0700
legaldept@hcpi.com

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SUMMARY

        The information included below is only a summary and may not contain all the information that is important to you. You should carefully read both this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and any free writing prospectus relating to this offering prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you, together with the additional information described under the heading "Where You Can Find More Information and Incorporation by Reference".


Our Company

        HCP, Inc., a Standard & Poor's 500 company, is a Maryland corporation that is organized to qualify as a REIT which, together with its consolidated entities, invests primarily in real estate serving the healthcare industry in the United States. We acquire, develop, lease, manage and dispose of healthcare real estate and provide financing to healthcare providers. Our diverse portfolio is comprised of investments in the following reportable healthcare segments: (i) senior housing triple-net; (ii) senior housing operating portfolio; (iii) life science and (iv) medical office. Our principal executive offices are located at 1920 Main Street, Suite 1200, Irvine, California 92614, and our telephone number is (949) 407-0700.


Termination of Existing ATM Program

        As of the date of this prospectus supplement, we had $593,841,667 of unsold shares under our "at-the-market" program (the "2018 ATM Program"), established pursuant to the sales agreement, dated May 31, 2018, among us and the sales agents party thereto (the "2018 ATM Sales Agreement"). The 2018 ATM Program has been terminated concurrently with the filing of this prospectus supplement in accordance with the terms of the 2018 ATM Sales Agreement.

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THE OFFERING

Issuer

  HCP, Inc., a Maryland corporation.

Securities Offered

 

Up to $1,000,000,000 aggregate gross sales price of shares of our common stock. The shares of common stock offered pursuant to this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus include newly issued shares that may be offered and sold by us to or through the Sales Agents, acting as our sales agents or as principal, and borrowed shares of common stock that may be offered and sold by the Forward Purchasers through their respective Forward Sellers. We will not initially receive any proceeds from any sale of borrowed shares of our common stock by a Forward Purchaser. For additional information, see "Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)—Sales Through Forward Sellers."

Use of Proceeds

 

We intend to use the net proceeds (1) from the sale of shares of our common stock to or through the Sales Agents and (2) upon the settlement of any forward sale agreements, in each case, to fund potential acquisitions, development and investment opportunities, or for general corporate purposes, including the repayment of our outstanding indebtedness. Prior to such final use, we may temporarily invest the net proceeds in short-term investments consistent with our investment policies and qualification as a REIT. For information concerning potential conflicts of interest that may arise from the use of proceeds to repay outstanding indebtedness, see "—Conflicts of Interest" below in this section. For additional information regarding our use of the proceeds from this offering, see "Use of Proceeds" on page S-8 of this prospectus supplement.

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Accounting Treatment of any Forward Sale Agreements

 

Before settlement of any forward sale agreement, we expect that the shares issuable upon settlement of such forward sale agreement will be reflected in our diluted earnings per share, return on equity and dividends per share calculations using the treasury stock method. Under this method, the number of shares of our common stock used in calculating diluted earnings per share, return on equity and dividends per share is deemed to be increased by the excess, if any, of the number of shares of our common stock that would be issued upon full physical settlement of such forward sale agreement over the number of shares of our common stock that could be purchased by us in the market (based on the average market price during the period) using the proceeds receivable upon full physical settlement (based on the adjusted forward sale price at the end of the reporting period). Consequently, we anticipate there will be no dilutive effect on our earnings per share prior to physical or net share settlement of any forward sale agreement and subject to the occurrence of certain events, except during periods when the average market price of our common stock is above the applicable forward sale price.

Risk Factors

 

You should carefully consider the information set forth in the sections entitled "Risk Factors" beginning on page S-5 of this prospectus supplement and page 2 of the accompanying prospectus, and the "Risk Factors" section in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, as well as the other information included in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and any free writing prospectus we may provide you in connection with this offering, before deciding whether to invest in our common stock.

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Conflicts of Interest

 

Affiliates of all of the Sales Agents are, as of the date of this prospectus supplement, lenders under our credit facility, affiliates of some or all of the Sales Agents may in the future be lenders under any new credit facility or any amendments or restatements of our existing credit facility and the Sales Agents and/or their respective affiliates may from time to time hold our debt securities or other indebtedness. To the extent that we use any of the net proceeds we receive from this offering or from settlement under any forward sale agreements we may enter into to repay loans or other indebtedness held by any of the Sales Agents or any of their respective affiliates, such Sales Agents and affiliates will receive proceeds from this offering or from settlement under any such forward sale agreements through the repayment of those loans or other indebtedness, as applicable. In addition, if we enter into a forward sale agreement with any Forward Purchaser, such Forward Purchaser will use commercially reasonable efforts, consistent with its normal trading and sales practices for similar transactions and applicable law and regulation, to borrow from third parties and sell, through the relevant Sales Agent, acting as Forward Seller, shares of our common stock to hedge such Forward Purchaser's exposure under such forward sale agreement. All of the net proceeds from the sale of any such borrowed shares will be paid to the applicable Forward Purchaser (or one or more of its affiliates). Each Forward Purchaser will be either a Sales Agent or an affiliate of an Sales Agent. As a result, a Sales Agent or its affiliate will receive the net proceeds from any sale of borrowed shares of our common stock made in connection with any forward sale agreements. See "Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)—Conflicts of Interest" and "Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)—Other Relationships" in this prospectus supplement.

NYSE Symbol

 

HCP

Transfer Agent and Registrar

 

Equiniti Trust Company d/b/a EQ Shareowner Services

        For additional information regarding our common stock, see "Description of Capital Stock—Common Stock," "Description of Capital Stock—Transfer and Ownership Restrictions Relating to Our Common Stock" and "Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and HCP's Charter and Bylaws" in the accompanying prospectus.

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RISK FACTORS

        Before acquiring our common stock, you should carefully consider the risk factors below and the information under the heading "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, as updated by our subsequent filings under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, and in the accompanying prospectus. Each of the risks described in these documents could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects, and could result in a decrease in the value of our common stock and a partial or complete loss of your investment therein.

Risks Related to HCP Common Stock

The market price and trading volume of our common stock may be volatile.

        The market price of our common stock has been, and may in the future be, highly volatile and be subject to wide fluctuations. In addition, the trading volume in our common stock may fluctuate and cause significant price variations to occur. The stock market has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have affected the market price of many companies in industries similar or related to ours and that have been unrelated to these companies' operating performances. If the market price of our common stock declines significantly, you may be unable to resell your shares at a gain. We cannot assure you that the market price of our common stock will not fluctuate or decline significantly in the future. Some of the factors that could negatively affect our share price or result in fluctuations in the price or trading volume of our common stock include:

Future offerings of debt securities, which would rank senior to our common stock upon our liquidation, and future offerings of equity securities, which would dilute our existing stockholders and may be senior to our common stock for the purposes of dividend and liquidating distributions, may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

        In the future, we may raise capital through the issuance of additional debt or equity securities. Upon liquidation, holders of our debt securities and preferred stock and lenders with respect to other borrowings will be entitled to our available assets prior to the holders of our common stock. Additional equity offerings may dilute the holdings of our existing stockholders or reduce the market price of our common stock, or both. Preferred stock could have a preference on liquidating distributions or a preference on dividend payments that could limit our ability to pay dividends to the holders of our common stock. Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock, or the perception that these sales could occur, could have a material adverse effect on the price of our common stock. Because our decision to issue debt or equity securities in any future offering will depend on market conditions and other factors beyond our control, we cannot predict or estimate the amount, timing or nature of our future offerings. Thus holders of our common stock bear the risk of our future offerings reducing the market price of our common stock and diluting the value of their stock holdings in us.

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Risks Related to any Forward Sale Agreement

Provisions contained in a forward sale agreement could result in substantial dilution to our earnings per share and return on equity or result in substantial cash payment obligations.

        If we enter into one or more forward sale agreements, the relevant Forward Purchaser will have the right to accelerate its forward sale agreement (with respect to all or any portion of the transaction under such forward sale agreement that such Forward Purchaser determines is affected by an event described below) and require us to settle on a date specified by such Forward Purchaser if:

        A Forward Purchaser's decision to exercise its right to accelerate the settlement of a forward sale agreement will be made irrespective of our interests, including our need for capital. In such cases, we could be required to issue and deliver shares of our common stock under the physical settlement provisions of the applicable forward sale agreement irrespective of our capital needs, which would result in dilution to our earnings per share and return on equity.

        We expect that each forward sale agreement will settle no later than the date that is two years from entry into such forward sale agreement. However, any forward sale agreement may be settled earlier in whole or in part at our option. Subject to certain conditions, we generally have the right to elect physical, cash or net share settlement under each forward sale agreement. Each forward sale agreement will be physically settled by delivery of shares of our common stock, unless we elect to cash settle or net share settle such forward sale agreement. Delivery of shares of our common stock upon physical settlement (or, if we elect net share settlement, upon such settlement to the extent we are obligated to deliver shares of our common stock) will result in dilution to our earnings per share and return on equity. If we elect cash settlement or net share settlement with respect to all or a portion of the shares of our common stock underlying a particular forward sale agreement, we expect the applicable Forward Purchaser (or an affiliate thereof) to purchase a number of shares of our common stock in secondary market transactions over an unwind period to:

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        The purchase of shares of our common stock in connection with a Forward Purchaser or its affiliate unwinding its hedge positions could cause the price of shares of our common stock to increase over such time (or prevent a decrease over such time), thereby increasing the amount of cash we would owe to such Forward Purchaser (or decreasing the amount of cash that such Forward Purchaser would owe us) upon a cash settlement of the relevant forward sale agreement or increasing the number of shares of our common stock we would deliver to such Forward Purchaser (or decreasing the number of shares of our common stock that such Forward Purchaser would deliver to us) upon net share settlement of the relevant forward sale agreement.

        The forward sale price that we expect to receive upon physical settlement of any forward sale agreement will be subject to adjustment on a daily basis based on a floating interest rate factor equal to a specified daily rate less a spread and will be decreased based on amounts related to expected dividends on our common stock during the term of the applicable forward sale agreement. If the specified daily rate is less than the spread for a particular forward sale agreement on any day, the interest factor will result in a daily reduction of the forward sale price. If the prevailing market price for our common stock during the applicable unwind period under a particular forward sale agreement is above the relevant forward sale price, in the case of cash settlement, we would pay the applicable Forward Purchaser under such forward sale agreement an amount in cash equal to the difference or, in the case of net share settlement, we would deliver to such Forward Purchaser a number of shares of our common stock having a value equal to the difference. Thus, we could be responsible for a potentially substantial cash payment in the case of cash settlement of any forward sale agreement. See "Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)" for information on the forward sale agreements.

In case of our bankruptcy or insolvency, any forward sale agreement that is in effect will automatically terminate, and we would not receive the expected proceeds from the sale of our shares under any such agreement.

        If we or a regulatory authority with jurisdiction over us institutes, or we consent to, a proceeding seeking a judgment in bankruptcy or insolvency or any other relief under any bankruptcy or insolvency law or other similar law affecting creditors' rights, or we or a regulatory authority with jurisdiction over us presents a petition for our winding-up or liquidation, or we consent to such a petition, any forward sale agreement that is then in effect will automatically terminate. If any such forward sale agreement so terminates, we would not be obligated to deliver to the relevant Forward Purchaser any shares of our common stock not previously delivered, and such Forward Purchaser would be discharged from its obligation to pay the applicable forward sale price per share in respect of any shares of our common stock not previously settled under the applicable forward sale agreement. Therefore, to the extent that there are any shares of our common stock with respect to which any forward sale agreement has not been settled at the time of the commencement of any such bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings, we would not receive the relevant forward sale price per share in respect of those shares of our common stock.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

        We intend to use the net proceeds (1) from the sale of shares of our common stock to or through the Sales Agents and (2) upon the settlement of any forward sale agreements, in each case, to fund potential acquisitions, development and investment opportunities, or for general corporate purposes, including the repayment of our outstanding indebtedness. Prior to such final use, we may temporarily invest the net proceeds in short-term investments consistent with our investment policies and qualification as a REIT. Any borrowings under any revolving credit facility that are repaid with any such net proceeds may be reborrowed, subject to customary conditions. See "Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)—Conflicts of Interest." The precise amount and timing of the application of the net proceeds will depend upon our capital requirements and the availability of other funds.

        We will not initially receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock by any Forward Seller. We expect to physically settle each forward sale agreement (by the delivery of shares of our common stock) and receive proceeds from the sale of those shares of our common stock upon one or more forward settlement dates no later than the date that is two years from entry into the applicable forward sale agreement. We may also elect to cash settle or net share settle all or a portion of our obligations under any forward sale agreement (if we conclude it is in our best interest to do so). If we elect to cash settle any forward sale agreement, we may not receive any proceeds, and we may owe cash to such Forward Purchaser in certain circumstances. If we elect to net share settle any forward sale agreement, we will not receive any proceeds, and we may owe shares of our common stock to the relevant Forward Purchaser in certain circumstances. The forward sale price that we expect to receive upon physical settlement of any forward sale agreement will be equal to the gross sales prices of all borrowed shares of common stock sold by the relevant Forward Seller in connection with such forward sale agreement during the applicable forward hedge selling period less a forward hedge selling commission not to exceed 2.0%, will be subject to adjustment on a daily basis based on a floating interest rate factor equal to a specified daily rate less a spread and will be decreased based on amounts related to expected dividends on shares of our common stock during the term of such forward sale agreement. If the specified daily rate is less than the spread on any day, the interest factor will result in a daily reduction of the forward sale price.

        Borrowings under our credit facility in effect on the date of this prospectus supplement accrue interest at LIBOR plus a margin that depends on our credit ratings. As of February 22, 2019, we had $137 million, including £55 million ($72 million), outstanding under the credit facility, with a weighted average effective interest rate of 2.695%. Our credit facility matures on October 19, 2021 and contains two six-month extension options.

        Affiliates of all of the Sales Agents are, as of the date of this prospectus supplement, lenders under our credit facility, affiliates of some or all of the Sales Agents may in the future be lenders under any new credit facility or any amendments or restatements of our existing credit facility and the Sales Agents and/or their respective affiliates may from time to time hold our debt securities or other indebtedness. To the extent that we use any of the net proceeds we receive from this offering or from settlement under any forward sale agreements we may enter into to repay loans or other indebtedness held by any of the Sales Agents or any of their respective affiliates, such Sales Agents and affiliates will receive proceeds from this offering or from settlement under any such forward sale agreements through the repayment of those loans or other indebtedness, as applicable. In addition, if we enter into a forward sale agreement with any Forward Purchaser, such Forward Purchaser will use commercially reasonable efforts, consistent with its normal trading and sales practices for similar transactions and applicable law and regulation, to borrow from third parties and sell, through the relevant Sales Agent, acting as Forward Seller, shares of our common stock to hedge such Forward Purchaser's exposure under such forward sale agreement. All of the net proceeds from the sale of any such borrowed shares will be paid to the applicable Forward Purchaser (or one or more of its affiliates). Each Forward Purchaser will be either a Sales Agent or an affiliate of an Sales Agent. As a result, a Sales Agent or

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its affiliate will receive the net proceeds from any sale of borrowed shares of our common stock made in connection with any forward sale agreements. See "Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)—Conflicts of Interest" and "Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)—Other Relationships" in this prospectus supplement.

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SUPPLEMENTAL UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

        The discussion below under the caption "Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act" supersedes and replaces, in its entirety, the corresponding discussion under the caption "United States Federal Income Tax Considerations—Other Tax Considerations—Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act" in the accompanying prospectus. This summary of federal income tax considerations is for general information only and is not tax advice. This discussion does not purport to deal with all aspects of taxation that may be relevant to particular holders of our common stock in light of their personal investment or tax circumstances.

        EACH PROSPECTIVE HOLDER IS ADVISED TO CONSULT HIS OR HER TAX ADVISOR REGARDING THE SPECIFIC FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND FOREIGN INCOME AND OTHER TAX CONSEQUENCES TO HIM OR HER OF ACQUIRING, HOLDING, EXCHANGING OR OTHERWISE DISPOSING OF OUR COMMON STOCK AND OF OUR ELECTION TO BE TAXED AS A REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST, AND OF POTENTIAL CHANGES IN APPLICABLE TAX LAWS.

Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act

        Under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act ("FATCA"), withholding at a rate of 30% will generally be required on dividends in respect of shares of our common stock held by or through certain foreign financial institutions (including investment funds), unless such institution (i) enters into an agreement with the U.S. Department of the Treasury to report, on an annual basis, information with respect to accounts maintained by the institution to the extent such accounts are held by certain U.S. persons and by certain non-U.S. entities that are wholly or partially owned by U.S. persons and to withhold on certain payments, or (ii) complies with the terms of an intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country. Accordingly, the entity through which our common stock is held will affect the determination of whether such withholding is required. Similarly, dividends in respect of shares of our common stock held by an investor that is a non-financial non-U.S. entity that does not qualify under certain exemptions will be subject to withholding at a rate of 30%, unless such entity either (i) certifies that such entity does not have any "substantial United States owners" or (ii) provides certain information regarding the entity's "substantial United States owners," which we or the applicable withholding agent will in turn provide to the Secretary of the Treasury. An intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country, or future Treasury regulations or other guidance, may modify these requirements. We will not pay any additional amounts to investors in respect of any amounts withheld. Non-U.S. investors are encouraged to consult their tax advisors regarding the possible implications of the legislation on their investment in our common stock.

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION (CONFLICTS OF INTEREST)

        We have entered into an "at-the-market" equity offering sales agreement, or the sales agreement, dated as of February 26, 2019, with each of J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Barclays Capital Inc., BNY Mellon Capital Markets, LLC, Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Credit Agricole Securities (USA) Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, Mizuho Securities USA LLC, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, RBC Capital Markets, LLC, UBS Securities LLC and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC (or certain of their respective affiliates), in their capacity as Sales Agents, Forward Purchasers and/or as Forward Sellers, in each case as described below, relating to shares of our common stock offered by this prospectus supplement. In accordance with the terms of the sales agreement, we may offer and sell shares of our common stock having an aggregate gross sales price of up to $1,000,000,000 from time to time through the Sales Agents, acting as our sales agents, or Forward Sellers, acting as agents for the applicable Forward Purchaser, for the offer and sale of the common stock, or directly to the Sales Agents, acting as principal. The sales agreement provides that, in addition to the issuance and sale of the shares of our common stock by us through the Sales Agents, we may also enter into one or more forward sale agreements with each Forward Purchaser. In connection with any forward sale agreement, the relevant Forward Purchaser, which in each case is either a Sales Agent or an affiliate of a Sales Agent, will, at our request, use commercially reasonable efforts, consistent with its normal trading and sales practices for similar transactions and applicable law and regulation, to borrow from third parties and, through its affiliated Forward Seller, sell a number of shares of our common stock equal to the number of shares of our common stock underlying the particular forward sale agreement.

        Sales of the shares of our common stock, if any, made through the Sales Agents, acting as our sales agents, or the Forward Sellers, acting as agents for the applicable Forward Purchaser, or directly to a Sales Agent, acting as principal, as contemplated by this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, may be made by means of ordinary brokers' transactions on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, the existing trading market for our common stock, by means of negotiated transactions or otherwise at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices.

        None of the Sales Agents, acting as our sales agents, or Forward Sellers, acting as agents for the applicable Forward Purchaser, is required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of shares of our common stock, but each has agreed to use its commercially reasonable efforts, as our sales agent or as agents for the applicable Forward Purchaser, as applicable, consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and applicable law and regulation and on the terms and subject to the conditions of the sales agreement, to sell the shares offered as instructed by us. The shares of our common stock offered and sold through the Sales Agents, as our sales agents, or Forward Sellers, as agents for the applicable Forward Purchaser, pursuant to this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, will be offered and sold through only one Sales Agent or Forward Seller on any given day.

        Our common stock is an "actively-traded security" excepted from the requirements of Rule 101 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act by Rule 101(c)(1) of Regulation M. If the exemptive provisions set forth in Rule 101(c)(1) of Regulation M are not satisfied with respect to us or shares or our common stock, we will promptly notify the Sales Agents, Forward Sellers and Forward Purchasers, and sales of our common stock under the sales agreement will be suspended until Rule 101(c)(1) or other exemptive provisions have been satisfied in our and the Sales Agents', Forward Sellers' and Forward Purchasers' reasonable judgment.

        We estimate that the total expenses related to this offering payable by us, excluding discounts and commissions payable to the Sales Agents or Forward Sellers under the sales agreement, will be approximately $500,000. We have also agreed, under certain circumstances, to reimburse the Sales Agents, Forward Sellers and Forward Purchasers for certain of their reasonable, documented out-of-pocket expenses, including fees and disbursements of their counsel, in connection with the

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transactions contemplated by the sales agreement. We will not initially receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock by any Forward Seller.

        Sales of our common stock as contemplated by this prospectus supplement will be settled through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company or by such other means as we and the relevant Sales Agent or Forward Seller may agree.

        In connection with the sale of shares of our common stock on our behalf, each Sales Agent, Forward Seller or Forward Purchaser may be deemed to be an "underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities Act, and the compensation of the Sales Agents, Forward Sellers or Forward Purchasers may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts. We have agreed in the sales agreement to indemnify each Sales Agent, Forward Seller and Forward Purchaser against specified liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments a Sales Agent, Forward Seller or Forward Purchaser may be required to make in respect of those liabilities.

        The offering of our common stock pursuant to the sales agreement will terminate upon the earliest of (1) the sale of the maximum aggregate amount of common stock subject to the sales agreement, (2) our providing written notice of termination under the sales agreement (which we may do at our sole discretion at any time) or (3) mutual agreement by the parties thereto. Any Sales Agent or Forward Purchaser may also terminate the sales agreement at any time but only with respect to itself.

        Each Sales Agent will provide written confirmation to us following the close of trading on the NYSE each day on which shares of our common stock are sold by it as sales agent for us or as sales agent for a Forward Purchaser under the sales agreement. With respect to any sales by a Sales Agent for us, each confirmation will include the number of shares sold on that day, the aggregate gross sales proceeds of the shares, the aggregate net proceeds to us and the aggregate compensation payable by us to such Sales Agent with respect to such sales. With respect to any sales by a Sales Agent as Forward Seller, each confirmation will include the number of borrowed shares sold on that day, the aggregate net proceeds to the applicable Forward Purchaser and the then-current initial forward sale price with respect to such shares of our common stock that have been sold on that day. We will report at least quarterly, commencing with our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ending March 31, 2019, the number of shares sold by or through the sales agents and the aggregate gross sales price thereof, the number of borrowed shares sold by the applicable Forward Sellers, the net proceeds received by us or the applicable Forward Purchaser and the compensation paid by us to the Sales Agents in connection with sales of our common stock under the sales agreement or any forward sales agreement or terms agreement during such period.

        From time to time during the term of the sales agreement, we may instruct any of the Sales Agents to sell shares of our common stock and as to the maximum number or aggregate gross sales price of shares to be sold by such Sales Agent on such day and the minimum price per share at which shares may be sold. Upon instruction by us, and subject to the terms and conditions of the sales agreement, such Sales Agent will use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and applicable law and regulation to sell such shares as instructed by us. The shares of our common stock offered and sold through the Sales Agents, as our sales agents, pursuant to this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus will be offered and sold through only one Sales Agent on any given day. We or any such Sales Agent may suspend the offering of our common stock at any time upon proper notice to the other, upon which the selling period will immediately terminate.

        Under the terms of the sales agreement, we may also sell shares of our common stock to any of the Sales Agents, as principal, at a price per share to be agreed upon at the time of sale. If we sell shares directly to a Sales Agent as principal, we will enter into a separate terms agreement with that

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Sales Agent and we will describe the terms of the offering of those shares in a separate prospectus supplement.

        Settlement for sales of our common stock are generally anticipated to occur on the second trading day following the date on which any sales were made in return for payment of the net proceeds to us, unless we agree otherwise with the relevant Sales Agent in connection with a particular transaction. There is no arrangement for funds to be received in an escrow, trust or similar arrangement.

        We will pay each Sales Agent a commission not to exceed 2.0% of the gross sales price of all shares of our common stock sold through it as sales agent under the sales agreement.

Sales Through Forward Sellers

        From time to time during the term of the sales agreement, and subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein and in any related forward sale agreement we enter into, we may deliver an instruction relating to a forward sale to any Forward Seller and the applicable Forward Purchaser. Upon acceptance by a Forward Seller and the applicable Forward Purchaser of an instruction from us requesting that such Forward Seller execute sales of shares of borrowed common stock in connection with a forward sale agreement, subject to the terms and conditions of the sales agreement and the applicable forward sale agreement, the relevant Forward Purchaser or its affiliate will use commercially reasonable efforts to borrow, and the relevant Forward Seller will use commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices to sell, the borrowed shares of our common stock on such terms to hedge the relevant Forward Purchaser's exposure under that particular forward sale agreement. We or the relevant Forward Seller may immediately suspend the offering of our common stock under a forward sale agreement at any time upon proper notice to the other; provided, however, such suspension shall not affect the parties' obligations with respect to the delivery of shares of our common stock sold under any forward sale agreement prior to such notice. The obligation of the relevant Forward Seller under the sales agreement to execute such sales of our common stock is subject to a number of conditions, which each Forward Seller reserves the right to waive in its sole discretion.

        In connection with any forward sale agreement, we will pay the relevant Forward Seller, in the form of a reduced initial forward sale price under the related forward sale agreement with the related Forward Purchaser, commissions at a mutually agreed rate that will not exceed 2.0% of the gross sales price of all borrowed shares of common stock sold during the applicable forward hedge selling period by it as a Forward Seller. We refer to this commission rate as the forward selling commission. The forward hedge selling period will be the period of one to twenty consecutive trading days determined by us in our sole discretion and as specified in the relevant instruction.

        The forward sale price per share under each forward sale agreement will initially equal the product of (1) an amount equal to one minus the applicable forward selling commission and (2) the volume-weighted average price per share at which the shares of borrowed common stock were sold pursuant to the sales agreement by the relevant Forward Seller. Thereafter, the forward sale price will be subject to adjustment as described below.

        Any forward sale agreement, the terms of which may not exceed two years, will provide that the forward sale price, as well as the sales prices used to calculate the initial forward sale price will be subject to adjustment on a daily basis based on a floating interest rate factor equal to a specified daily rate less a spread and will be decreased based on amounts related to expected dividends on our common stock during the term of the applicable forward sale agreement. If the specified daily rate is less than the spread for a particular forward sale agreement on any day, the interest factor will result in a daily reduction of the forward sale price.

        Except under limited circumstances described below and subject to certain conditions, we have the right to elect physical, cash or net share settlement under any forward sale agreement. We expect to physically settle each forward sale agreement by the delivery of shares of our common stock and each

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forward sale agreement will be physically settled by delivery of shares of our common stock, unless we elect to cash settle or net share settle such forward sale agreement. Delivery of shares of our common stock upon physical settlement (or, if we elect net share settlement, upon such settlement to the extent we are obligated to deliver shares of our common stock) will result in dilution to our earnings per share and return on equity. If we elect cash settlement or net share settlement with respect to all or a portion of the shares of our common stock underlying a forward sale agreement, we expect the applicable Forward Purchaser (or an affiliate thereof) to purchase a number of shares of our common stock in secondary market transactions over an unwind period to:

        If the prevailing market price for our common stock during the applicable unwind period under a forward sale agreement is above the relevant forward sale price, in the case of cash settlement, we would pay the relevant Forward Purchaser under such forward sale agreement an amount in cash equal to the difference or, in the case of net share settlement, we would deliver to such Forward Purchaser a number of shares of our common stock having a value equal to the difference. Thus, we could be responsible for a potentially substantial cash payment in the case of cash settlement. If the prevailing market price for our common stock during the applicable unwind period under a forward sale agreement is below the relevant forward sale price, in the case of cash settlement, we would be paid the difference in cash by the relevant Forward Purchaser under such forward sale agreement or, in the case of net share settlement, we would receive from such Forward Purchaser a number of shares of our common stock having a value equal to the difference.

        In addition, the purchase of shares of our common stock in connection with a Forward Purchaser or its affiliate unwinding its hedge positions could cause the price of shares of our common stock to increase over such time (or prevent a decrease over such time), thereby increasing the amount of cash we would owe to such Forward Purchaser (or decreasing the amount of cash that such Forward Purchaser would owe us) upon a cash settlement of the relevant forward sale agreement or increasing the number of shares of our common stock we would deliver to such Forward Purchaser (or decreasing the number of shares of our common stock that such Forward Purchaser would deliver to us) upon net share settlement of the relevant forward sale agreement. See "Risk Factors."

        A Forward Purchaser will have the right to accelerate its forward sale agreement (with respect to all or any portion of the transaction under such forward sale agreement that such Forward Purchaser determines is affected by an event described below) and require us to settle on a date specified by such Forward Purchaser if:

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        A Forward Purchaser's decision to exercise its right to accelerate the settlement of a forward sale agreement will be made irrespective of our interests, including our need for capital. In such cases, we could be required to issue and deliver shares of our common stock under the physical settlement provisions of the applicable forward sale agreement irrespective of our capital needs, which would result in dilution to our earnings per share and return on equity. In addition, upon certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization relating to us, any forward sale agreement will terminate without further liability of either party. Following any such termination, we would not issue any shares of our common stock and we would not receive any proceeds pursuant to any forward sale agreement.

Conflicts of Interest

        We intend to use the net proceeds (1) from the sale of shares of our common stock to or through the Sales Agents and (2) upon the settlement of any forward sale agreements, in each case, to fund potential acquisitions, development and investment opportunities, or for general corporate purposes, including the repayment of our outstanding indebtedness. Prior to such final use, we may temporarily invest the net proceeds in short-term investments consistent with our investment policies and qualification as a REIT. Any borrowings under any revolving credit facility that are repaid with any such net proceeds may be reborrowed, subject to customary conditions. The precise amount and timing of the application of the net proceeds will depend upon our capital requirements and the availability of other funds.

        As of the date of this prospectus supplement, affiliates of all of the Sales Agents are lenders and, in certain cases, agents under our credit facility. In addition, affiliates of some or all of the Sales Agents may in the future be lenders and/or agents under new credit facilities or amendments or restatements of our existing credit facility, that we may enter into from time to time, and the Sales Agents and/or their respective affiliates may from time to time hold our debt securities or our other indebtedness. As described above, any net cash proceeds we receive from this offering or from settlement under any forward sale agreements we enter into may be used to repay borrowings under any such existing or future credit facilities or any such debt securities or other indebtedness. Because affiliates of all of the Sales Agents are lenders under our credit facility and may be lenders under future credit facilities we enter into, to the extent that any net cash proceeds we receive from this offering or from settlement under any forward sale agreements are applied to repay any such borrowings, such affiliates will receive proceeds from this offering or from settlement under any such forward sale agreements through the repayment of those borrowings. Likewise, to the extent that net proceeds from this offering or from settlement under any forward sale agreements are applied to pay any other indebtedness of ours that may be held by any of the Sales Agents or any of their respective affiliates, such Sales Agents or affiliates, as the case may be, will receive proceeds of this offering or from settlement under any such forward sale agreement through the repayment of that indebtedness. The amount received by any Sales Agent and its respective affiliates, as applicable, from the repayment, if any, of those borrowings and/or that indebtedness may exceed 5% of the proceeds of this offering (not including the Sales Agents' discounts and commissions). Nonetheless, in accordance with Rule 5121 of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority Inc., the appointment of a qualified

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independent underwriter is not necessary in connection with this offering because REITs are excluded from that requirement.

        If we enter into a forward sale agreement with any Forward Purchaser, such Forward Purchaser will use commercially reasonable efforts, consistent with its normal trading and sales practices for similar transactions and applicable law and regulation, to borrow from third parties and sell, through the relevant Sales Agent, acting as Forward Seller, shares of our common stock to hedge such Forward Purchaser's exposure under such forward sale agreement. All of the net proceeds from the sale of any such borrowed shares will be paid to the applicable Forward Purchaser (or one or more of its affiliates). Each Forward Purchaser will be either a Sales Agent or an affiliate of a Sales Agent. As a result, a Sales Agent or its affiliate will receive the net proceeds from any sale of borrowed shares of our common stock made in connection with any forward sale agreements.

Other Relationships

        The Sales Agents, Forward Sellers, Forward Purchasers, and their respective affiliates, are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include sales and trading, commercial and investment banking, advisory, corporate trust, investment management, investment research, principal investment, hedging, market making, brokerage and other financial and non-financial activities and services. Certain of the Sales Agents, Forward Sellers, Forward Purchasers and/or their respective affiliates have provided, and in the future may provide, a variety of these services to us and to persons and entities with relationships with us for which they have received, and in the future may receive, customary fees and expenses, and may have entered into, and in the future may enter into, other transactions with us.

        In addition, in the ordinary course of their various business activities, the Sales Agents, Forward Sellers, Forward Purchasers, and their respective affiliates, officers, directors and employees, may purchase, sell, make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities, derivatives, loans, commodities, currencies, credit default swaps and other financial instruments for their own account and for the accounts of their customers, and such investment, trading and securities activities may involve or relate to assets, securities and/or instruments of ours (directly, as collateral securing other obligations or otherwise) and/or persons and entities with relationships with us. Certain of the Sales Agents, Forward Sellers, Forward Purchasers or their respective affiliates that may have lending relationships with us or, if applicable, any of our subsidiaries, may also choose to hedge their credit exposure to us or, if applicable, any such subsidiary, as the case may be, consistent with their customary risk management policies. Typically those Sales Agents, Forward Sellers, Forward Purchasers and their respective affiliates would hedge such exposure by entering into transactions, that may consist of either the purchase of credit default swaps or the creation of short positions in our securities or, if applicable, the securities of any such subsidiary. The Sales Agents, Forward Sellers, Forward Purchasers, and their respective affiliates, may also make or communicate investment recommendations, market color or trading ideas and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such assets, securities or financial instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they should acquire, long and/or short positions in such assets, securities and instruments.

Other

        No action has been taken in any jurisdiction (except in the United States) that would permit a public offering of the shares of our common stock, or the possession, circulation or distribution of this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or any free writing prospectus or other material or advertisements relating to us or the offering of the shares of our common stock, where action for that purpose is required. Accordingly, the shares of our common stock may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, and neither this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus nor any free writing prospectus or other material or advertisements in connection with the offering of the shares of our common stock may be distributed or published in or from any other country or jurisdiction except in compliance with any applicable rules and regulations of any such country or jurisdiction.

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LEGAL MATTERS

        Certain matters with respect to Maryland law, including the validity of the shares of our common stock to be issued by us and offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Ballard Spahr LLP, Baltimore, Maryland. Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, New York, New York represents HCP in respect of the transactions contemplated by this prospectus supplement. Sidley Austin LLP, New York, New York, will act as counsel for the Sales Agents, Forward Sellers and Forward Purchasers.

EXPERTS

        The consolidated financial statements, and the related financial statement schedules, incorporated herein by reference from HCP, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, and the effectiveness of HCP, Inc.'s and subsidiaries' internal control over financial reporting have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their reports, which are incorporated herein by reference (which report expresses an unqualified opinion on the financial statements and financial statement schedules and includes an explanatory paragraph referring to changes in accounting principles). Such consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedules have been so incorporated in reliance upon the reports of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

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PROSPECTUS

LOGO

HCP, Inc.
Common Stock
Preferred Stock
Depositary Shares
Debt Securities
Warrants

        We may from time to time offer to sell together or separately in one or more offerings:

        This prospectus describes some of the general terms that may apply to these securities. We will provide the specific amounts, prices and terms of these securities in one or more supplements to this prospectus at the time of the offering. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement or other offering materials carefully before you make your investment decision.

        We may offer and sell these securities through underwriters, brokers, dealers or agents or directly to purchasers, or a combination thereof on a continuous or delayed basis. The securities may also be resold by selling security holders. The prospectus supplement for each offering will describe in detail the plan of distribution for that offering and will set forth the names of any underwriters, dealers or agents involved in the offering and any applicable fees, commissions or discount arrangements and our net proceeds for such sale.

        This prospectus may not be used to sell securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement or a free writing prospectus.

        Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, under the trading symbol "HCP." Each prospectus supplement will indicate if the securities offered thereby will be listed on any securities exchange.

        Investing in our securities involves risks. You should carefully consider the risk factors incorporated herein by reference and described under the heading "Risk Factors" beginning on page 2 of this prospectus and in any accompanying prospectus supplement relating to specific offerings of securities.

        Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

   

The date of this prospectus is May 31, 2018.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

About This Prospectus

  ii

Where You Can Find More Information

  ii

Cautionary Language Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

  iv

Summary

  1

Risk Factors

  2

Use of Proceeds

  3

Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charges

  4

Description of Securities

  5

Description of Capital Stock

  6

Description of Depositary Shares

  11

Description of Debt Securities

  14

Description of Warrants

  21

Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and HCP's Charter and Bylaws

  23

Selling Security Holders

  29

United States Federal Income Tax Considerations

  30

Plan of Distribution

  56

Validity of Securities

  59

Experts

  59

i


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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

        This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, using a "shelf" registration process. Under the shelf registration process, we may offer and sell common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares, debt securities or warrants, or any combination thereof, from time to time, in one or more offerings.

        This prospectus only provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we sell securities we will provide a supplement to this prospectus that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering, including the specific amounts, prices and terms of the securities offered. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should carefully read both this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement or other offering materials, together with the additional information described under the heading "Where You Can Find More Information," in making your investment decision.

        You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. This document may only be used where it is legal to sell these securities.

        This prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement or other offering materials do not contain all of the information included in the registration statement as permitted by the rules and regulations of the SEC. For further information, we refer you to the registration statement on Form S-3, including its exhibits. We are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, and, therefore, file reports and other information with the SEC. Statements contained in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement or other offering materials about the provisions or contents of any agreement or other document are only summaries. If SEC rules require that any agreement or document be filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, you should refer to that agreement or document for its complete contents.

        You should not assume that the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement or any other offering materials is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front of each document. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since then.

        In this prospectus, unless otherwise indicated herein or the context otherwise indicates, the terms "HCP," "we," "us," "our" and the "Company" mean HCP, Inc., together with its consolidated subsidiaries. Unless otherwise indicated, currency amounts in this prospectus are stated in United States, or U.S., dollars.


WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

        We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC under the Exchange Act. You may inspect without charge any documents filed by us at the SEC's Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains a website, www.sec.gov, that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC, including HCP, Inc.

        The SEC allows us to "incorporate by reference" information we file with the SEC into this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement. This means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document that HCP has filed separately with the SEC.

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        The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement. Information that HCP files with the SEC after the date of this prospectus and that is incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement will update and supersede the information included or incorporated by reference into this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement. We incorporate by reference in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement the following documents (other than any portions of any such documents deemed to have been furnished and not filed in accordance with the applicable SEC rules):

        We will provide copies, without charge, of any documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement, excluding exhibits unless specifically incorporated by reference, to any persons to whom a prospectus is delivered, including any beneficial owner, who requests them in writing or by telephone from:

Legal Department
HCP, Inc.
1920 Main Street, Suite 1200
Irvine, California 92614
(949) 407-0700
legaldept@hcpi.com

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CAUTIONARY LANGUAGE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

        Statements in this prospectus and the information incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement that are not historical factual statements are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Forward-looking statements include, among other things, statements regarding our and our officers' intent, belief or expectation as identified by the use of words such as "may," "will," "project," "expect," "believe," "intend," "anticipate," "seek," "forecast," "plan," "potential," "estimate," "could," "would," "should" and other comparable and derivative terms or the negatives thereof. Forward-looking statements reflect our current expectations and views about future events and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could significantly affect our future financial condition and results of operations. While forward-looking statements reflect our good faith belief and assumptions we believe to be reasonable based upon current information, we can give no assurance that our expectations or forecasts will be attained. As more fully set forth under "Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors" in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and "Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors" in our most recent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, these risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the expectations contained in the forward-looking statements include, among other things:

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        Except as required by law, we do not undertake, and hereby disclaim, any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date on which they are made.

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SUMMARY

        The information included below is only a summary and may not contain all the information that is important to you. You should carefully read both this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement, the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein and any other offering materials, together with the additional information described under the heading "Where You Can Find More Information."

HCP, Inc.

        HCP, an S&P 500 company, invests primarily in real estate serving the healthcare industry in the United States. We are a Maryland corporation organized in 1985 and qualify as a self-administered REIT. We are headquartered in Irvine, California, with offices in Nashville and San Francisco. Our diverse portfolio is comprised of investments in the following reportable healthcare segments: (i) senior housing triple-net, (ii) senior housing operating portfolio, (iii) life science and (iv) medical office.

        Our principal executive offices are located at 1920 Main Street, Suite 1200, Irvine California 92614, and our telephone number is (949) 407-0700.


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RISK FACTORS

        Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider the information under the heading "Risk Factors" incorporated by reference to our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, any subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K filed (and not furnished) by us with the SEC subsequent to the last day of the fiscal year covered by our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and all other information contained or incorporated by reference into this prospectus, as updated by our subsequent filings under the Exchange Act that are also incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and the risk factors and other information contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and any applicable free writing prospectus before acquiring any securities offered by this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement. Each of the risks described in these documents could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects, and could result in a partial or complete loss of your investment. See "Where You Can Find More Information."

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USE OF PROCEEDS

        We intend to use the net proceeds from the sales of the securities as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. Unless otherwise set forth in a prospectus supplement, we will not receive any proceeds in the event that the securities are sold by a selling security holder.

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RATIOS OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES

        The following table sets forth our ratio of earnings to fixed charges for the periods indicated. In computing the ratio of earnings to fixed charges, earnings have been based on consolidated pre-tax income from continuing operations before fixed charges (exclusive of capitalized interest). Fixed charges consist of interest on debt, including amounts capitalized, and an estimate of interest in rental expense.

 
  Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
  Year Ended December 31,  
 
  2018   2017   2016   2015   2014   2013  

Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges

    1.49     2.33     1.79     1.28     1.59     1.52  

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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES

        This prospectus contains summary descriptions of the common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares, debt securities and warrants that we may offer and sell from time to time. These summary descriptions are not meant to be complete descriptions of each security. The particular terms of any security will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

        The following description summarizes the material provisions of the common stock and preferred stock we may offer. This description is not complete and is subject to, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, our charter and our bylaws and applicable provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law, or the MGCL. The specific terms of any series of preferred stock will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Any series of preferred stock we issue will be governed by our charter and by the articles supplementary related to that series. We will file the articles supplementary with the SEC and incorporate it by reference as an exhibit to our registration statement at or before the time we issue any preferred stock of that series of authorized preferred stock.

        Our authorized capital stock consists of 750,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $1.00 per share, and 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $1.00 per share. The following description does not contain all the information that might be important to you.

Common Stock

        As of May 29, 2018, there were 469,795,215 shares of common stock outstanding. All shares of common stock participate equally in dividends payable to holders of common stock, when, as and if authorized by our board and declared by us, and in net assets available for distribution to holders of common stock on liquidation, dissolution, or winding up. Each outstanding share of common stock entitles the holder to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders. Holders of common stock do not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors.

        All issued and outstanding shares of common stock are, and the common stock offered by this prospectus will be upon issuance, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. Holders of common stock do not have preference, conversion, exchange or preemptive rights. The common stock is listed on the NYSE (NYSE Symbol: HCP).

        The Transfer Agent and Registrar for our common stock is Equiniti Trust Company d/b/a EQ Shareowner Services.

Preferred Stock

        As of May 29, 2018 we had no shares of preferred stock outstanding. Under our charter, our board is authorized without further stockholder action to establish and issue, from time to time, up to 50,000,000 shares of our preferred stock, in one or more series. Our board may grant the holders of preferred stock of any series preferences, powers and rights—voting or otherwise—senior to those of holders of shares of our common stock. Our board can authorize the issuance of shares of preferred stock with terms and conditions that could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control transaction that might involve a premium price for holders of shares of our common stock or otherwise be in their best interest. All shares of preferred stock will, when issued in exchange for the consideration therefore, be fully paid and nonassessable and will have no preemptive rights. The MGCL and our charter require our board to determine the terms and conditions of any series of preferred stock, including:

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        The terms and conditions of any particular series of preferred stock will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to that particular series of preferred stock.

Transfer and Ownership Restrictions Relating to Our Common Stock

        Our charter contains restrictions on the ownership and transfer of our common stock that are intended to assist us in complying with the requirements to continue to qualify as a REIT.

        Subject to limited exceptions, no person or entity may own, or be deemed to own by virtue of the applicable constructive ownership provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Internal Revenue Code"), more than 9.8% (by number or value of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of the outstanding shares of our common stock. Our board may, but is in no event required to, waive the applicable ownership limit with respect to a particular stockholder if it determines that such ownership will not jeopardize our status as a REIT and our board otherwise decides such action would be in our best interests.

        These charter provisions further prohibit:

        Any person who acquires or attempts or intends to acquire actual or constructive ownership of shares of our stock that will or may violate any of these restrictions on ownership and transfer is required to give notice immediately to us and provide us with such other information as we may request in order to determine the effect of the transfer on our qualification as a REIT. Under our charter, if any purported transfer of our stock or any other event would otherwise result in any person violating the applicable ownership limit or such other limit as permitted by our board, then any such purported transfer is void and of no force or effect with respect to the purported transferee as to that number of shares of our stock in excess of the ownership limit or such other limit, and the transferee will acquire no right or interest in such excess shares. Any excess shares described above are transferred automatically, by operation of law, to a trust, the beneficiary of which is a qualified

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charitable organization selected by us. Such automatic transfer will be deemed to be effective as of the close of business on the business day prior to the date of such violative transfer. Within 20 days of receiving notice from us of the transfer of shares to the trust, the trustee of the trust is required to sell the excess shares to a person or entity who could own the shares without violating the applicable ownership limit, or such other limit as permitted by our board, and distribute to the prohibited transferee an amount equal to the lesser of the price paid by the prohibited transferee for the excess shares or the sales proceeds received by the trust for the excess shares. Any proceeds in excess of the amount distributable to the prohibited transferee are distributed to the beneficiary of the trust. Prior to a sale of any such excess shares by the trust, the trustee is entitled to receive, in trust for the beneficiary, all dividends and other distributions paid by us with respect to such excess shares, and also is entitled to exercise all voting rights with respect to such excess shares.

        Subject to Maryland law, effective as of the date that such shares have been transferred to the trust, the trustee will have the authority, at the trustee's sole discretion:

        However, if we have already taken irreversible corporate action, then the trustee will not have the authority to rescind and recast such vote. Any dividend or other distribution paid to the prohibited transferee, prior to the discovery by us that such shares had been automatically transferred to a trust as described above, are required to be repaid to the trustee upon demand for distribution to the beneficiary of the trust. In the event that the transfer to the trust as described above is not automatically effective, for any reason, to prevent violation of the ownership limit or such other limit as permitted by our board, then our charter provides that the transfer of the excess shares is void ab initio.

        In addition, shares of common stock held in the trust shall be deemed to have been offered for sale to us, or our designee, at a price per share equal to the lesser of:

        We will have the right to accept the offer until the trustee has sold the shares of stock held in the trust. Upon a sale to us, the interest of the beneficiary in the shares sold will terminate and the trustee will distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the prohibited transferee.

        If any purported transfer of shares of common stock would cause us to be beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons, such transfer will be null and void ab initio in its entirety and the intended transferee will acquire no rights to the stock.

        All certificates representing shares of common stock bear a legend referring to the restrictions described above. The foregoing ownership limitations could delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change in control of us that might involve a premium price for the common stock or otherwise be in the best interest of our stockholders.

        In addition, if our board shall, at any time and in good faith, be of the opinion that direct or indirect ownership of at least 9.9% of the voting shares of capital stock has or may become concentrated in the hands of one beneficial owner, it shall have the power:

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        If our board fails to grant an exemption from this 9.9% ownership limitation, then the transfer of shares, options, warrants, or other securities convertible into voting shares that would create a beneficial owner of more than 9.9% of the outstanding voting shares shall be deemed void ab initio, and the intended transferee shall be deemed never to have had an interest in the transferred securities. The purchase price for any voting shares of capital stock so redeemed shall be equal to the fair market value of the shares reflected in the closing sales price for the shares, if then listed on a national securities exchange, or the average of the closing sales prices for the shares if then listed on more than one national securities exchange, or if the shares are not then listed on a national securities exchange, the latest bid quotation for the shares if then traded over-the-counter, on the last business day immediately preceding the day on which we send notices of such acquisitions, or, if no such closing sales prices or quotations are available, then the purchase price shall be equal to the net asset value of such stock as determined by the board in accordance with the provisions of applicable law. From and after the date fixed for purchase by the board, the holder of any shares so called for purchase shall cease to be entitled to distributions, voting rights and other benefits with respect to such shares, except the right to payment of the purchase price for the shares.

Business Combination Provisions

        Our charter requires that, except in some circumstances, "business combinations" between us and a beneficial holder of 10% or more of our outstanding voting stock (a "Related Person") be approved by the affirmative vote of at least 90% of our outstanding voting shares. A "business combination" is defined in our charter as:

        The term "Substantial Part" means more than 10% of the book value of our total assets as of the end of our most recent fiscal year ending prior to the time the determination is being made.

        In addition to the restrictions on business combinations contained in our charter, Maryland law also contains restrictions on business combinations. See "Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and HCP's Charter and Bylaws—Business Combinations."

        The foregoing provisions may have the effect of discouraging unilateral tender offers or other takeover proposals which stockholders might deem to be in their interests or in which they might receive a substantial premium. Our board's authority to issue and establish the terms of currently

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authorized preferred stock, without stockholder approval, may also have the effect of discouraging takeover attempts. See "—Preferred Stock."

        The foregoing provisions could also have the effect of insulating current management against the possibility of removal and could, by possibly reducing temporary fluctuations in market price caused by accumulations of shares of our common stock, deprive stockholders of opportunities to sell at a temporarily higher market price. Our board believes, however, that inclusion of the business combination provisions in our charter may help assure fair treatment of our stockholders and preserve our assets.

Transfer and Ownership Restrictions Relating to Our Preferred Stock

        Our charter may contain restrictions on the ownership and transfer of preferred stock that are intended to assist us in complying with the requirements to maintain our qualification as a REIT. Subject to limited exceptions, unless otherwise provided in a prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of the preferred stock, no person or entity may own, or be deemed to own by virtue of the applicable constructive ownership provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, more than 9.8% (by number or value of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of the outstanding shares of such series of preferred stock. Our board may, but in no event will be required to, waive the applicable ownership limit with respect to a particular stockholder if it determines that such ownership will not jeopardize our qualification as a REIT and our board otherwise decides such action would be in our best interests. The mechanics for the ownership limits on our preferred stock will be similar to the mechanics related to our common stock, as described in "Transfer and Ownership Restrictions Relating to Our Common Stock" above, unless otherwise provided in a prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of the preferred stock.

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DESCRIPTION OF DEPOSITARY SHARES

General

        We may offer fractional shares of preferred stock, rather than full shares of preferred stock. If we do so, we may issue receipts for depositary shares that each represent a fraction of a share of a particular series of preferred stock. The prospectus supplement will indicate that fraction. The shares of preferred stock represented by depositary shares will be deposited under one or more depositary agreement between us and a bank or trust company that meets certain requirements and is selected by us (the "bank depositary"). Each owner of a depositary share will be entitled to all the rights and preferences of the preferred stock represented by the depositary share. The depositary shares will be evidenced by depositary receipts issued pursuant to the depositary agreement. Depositary receipts will be distributed to those persons purchasing the fractional shares of preferred stock in accordance with the terms of the offering.

        We have summarized some common provisions of a depositary agreement and the related depositary receipts. The description in the applicable prospectus supplement of any depositary shares we offer will not necessarily be complete and will be qualified in its entirety by reference to the applicable depositary agreement and the depositary receipts relating to any particular issue of depositary shares, which will be filed with the SEC if we offer depository shares. For more information on how you can obtain copies of any depositary agreement and the depositary receipts if we offer depositary shares, see "Where You Can Find More Information." We urge you to read the applicable depositary agreement and the depositary receipts relating to any particular issue of depositary shares and any applicable prospectus supplement in their entirety.

Dividends and Other Distributions

        If we pay a cash distribution or dividend on a series of preferred stock represented by depositary shares, the bank depositary will distribute such dividends to the record holders of such depositary shares. If the distributions are in property other than cash, the bank depositary will distribute the property to the record holders of the depositary shares. However, if the bank depositary determines that it is not feasible to make the distribution of property, the bank depositary may, with our approval, sell such property and distribute the net proceeds from such sale to the record holders of the depositary shares.

Redemption of Depositary Shares

        If we redeem a series of preferred stock represented by depositary shares, the bank depositary will redeem the depositary shares from the proceeds received by the bank depositary in connection with the redemption. The redemption price per depositary share will equal the applicable fraction of the redemption price per share of the preferred stock. If fewer than all the depositary shares are redeemed, the depositary shares to be redeemed will be selected by lot or pro rata as the bank depositary may determine.

Voting the Preferred Stock

        Upon receipt of notice of any meeting at which the holders of the preferred stock represented by depositary shares are entitled to vote, the bank depositary will mail the notice to the record holders of the depositary shares relating to such preferred stock. Each record holder of these depositary shares on the record date, which will be the same date as the record date for the preferred stock, may instruct the bank depositary as to how to vote the preferred stock represented by such holder's depositary shares. The bank depositary will endeavor, insofar as practicable, to vote the amount of the preferred stock represented by such depositary shares in accordance with such instructions, and we will take all action that the bank depositary deems necessary in order to enable the bank depositary to do so. The

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bank depositary will abstain from voting shares of the preferred stock to the extent it does not receive specific instructions from the holders of depositary shares representing such preferred stock.

Amendment and Termination of the Depositary Agreement

        The form of depositary receipt evidencing the depositary shares and any provision of the depositary agreement may be amended by agreement between the bank depositary and us. However, any amendment that materially and adversely alters the rights of the holders of depositary shares will not be effective unless such amendment has been approved by the holders of at least a majority of the depositary shares then outstanding. The depositary agreement may be terminated by the bank depositary or us only if (i) all outstanding depositary shares have been redeemed or (ii) there has been a final distribution in respect of the preferred stock in connection with any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our Company and such distribution has been distributed to the holders of depositary receipts.

Charges of Bank Depositary

        We will pay all transfer and other taxes and governmental charges arising solely from the existence of the depositary arrangements. We will pay charges of the bank depositary in connection with the initial deposit of the preferred stock and any redemption of the preferred stock. Holders of depositary receipts will pay other transfer and other taxes and governmental charges and any other charges, including a fee for the withdrawal of shares of preferred stock upon surrender of depositary receipts, as are expressly provided in the depositary agreement.

Withdrawal of Preferred Stock

        Except as may be provided otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, upon surrender of depositary receipts at the principal office of the bank depositary, subject to the terms of the depositary agreement, the owner of the depositary shares may demand delivery of the number of whole shares of preferred stock and all money and other property, if any, represented by those depositary shares. Partial shares of preferred stock will not be issued. If the depositary receipts delivered by the holder evidence a number of depositary shares in excess of the number of depositary shares representing the number of whole shares of preferred stock to be withdrawn, the bank depositary will deliver to such holder at the same time a new depositary receipt evidencing the excess number of depositary shares. Holders of preferred stock thus withdrawn may not thereafter deposit those shares under the depositary agreement or receive depositary receipts evidencing depositary shares therefor.

Miscellaneous

        The bank depositary will forward to holders of depositary receipts all reports and communications from us that are delivered to the bank depositary and that we are required to furnish to the holders of the preferred stock.

        Neither the bank depositary nor we will be liable if we are prevented or delayed by law or any circumstance beyond our control in performing our obligations under the depositary agreement. The obligations of the bank depositary and us under the depositary agreement will be limited to performance in good faith of our duties thereunder, and we will not be obligated to prosecute or defend any legal proceeding in respect of any depositary shares or preferred stock unless satisfactory indemnity is furnished. We may rely upon written advice of counsel or accountants, or upon information provided by persons presenting preferred stock for deposit, holders of depositary receipts or other persons believed to be competent and on documents believed to be genuine.

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Resignation and Removal of Bank Depositary

        The bank depositary may resign at any time by delivering to us notice of its election to do so, and we may at any time remove the bank depositary. Any such resignation or removal will take effect upon the appointment of a successor bank depositary and its acceptance of such appointment. The successor bank depositary must be appointed within 60 days after delivery of the notice of resignation or removal and must be a bank or trust company meeting the requirements of the depositary agreement.

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DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

        We may offer debt securities, which may be senior debt securities or subordinated debt securities and may be convertible or non-convertible, as well as secured or unsecured.

        This prospectus describes certain general terms and provisions of the debt securities. The particular terms of the debt securities offered by any prospectus supplement and the extent, if any, to which these general provisions may apply to the debt securities, will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. We will issue debt securities under an indenture dated as of November 19, 2012 between us and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, as supplemented from time to time (the "indenture"). The indenture is subject to and governed by the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the "TIA").

        The following summary of the material provisions of the indenture and the debt securities is not complete and is subject to, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the indenture. We urge you to read the indenture, because it, and not the summary below, defines your rights as a holder of debt securities. You can obtain a copy of the indenture by following the directions described in the section entitled "Where You Can Find More Information." Capitalized terms used in the summary below have the meanings specified in the indenture. As used in this section, references to "HCP," "the Company," "we," "us" or "our" mean only HCP, Inc., and do not include any current or future subsidiary of, or other entity controlled by, HCP, except as otherwise indicated.

General

        The aggregate principal amount of debt securities that may be issued under the indenture is unlimited. The prospectus supplement and any free writing prospectus we may provide you, as the case may be, relating to any series of debt securities that we may offer will contain the specific terms of the debt securities. These terms may include the following:

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        We may sell the debt securities, including original issue discount securities, at par or at a substantial discount below their stated principal amount. Unless we inform you otherwise in a prospectus supplement, we may issue additional debt securities of a particular series without the consent of the holders of the debt securities of such series or any other series outstanding at the time of issuance. Any such additional debt securities, together with all other outstanding debt securities of that series, may constitute a single series of securities under the indenture.

        We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement any other special considerations for any debt securities we sell which are denominated in a currency or currency unit other than U.S. dollars. In addition, debt securities may be issued where the amount of principal and/or interest payable is determined by reference to one or more currency exchange rates, commodity prices, equity indices or other factors. Holders of such securities may receive a principal amount or a payment of interest that is greater than or less than the amount of principal or interest otherwise payable on such dates, depending upon the value of the applicable currencies, commodities, equity indices or other factors. We

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will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement information as to the methods for determining the amount of principal or interest, if any, payable on any date, the currencies, commodities, equity indices or other factors to which the amount payable on such date is linked.

        U.S. federal income tax consequences and special considerations, if any, applicable to any such series will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Unless we inform you otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities will not be listed on any securities exchange.

        We expect most debt securities to be issued in fully registered form without coupons and in denominations of $2,000 and any integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof. Subject to the limitations provided in the indenture and in the prospectus supplement, debt securities that are issued in registered form may be transferred or exchanged at the designated corporate trust office of the trustee, without the payment of any service charge, other than any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith.

Global Securities

        Unless we inform you otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities of a series may be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more global securities that will be deposited with, or on behalf of, a depositary identified in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, as the case may be, relating to such series. Global securities will be issued in registered form and in either temporary or definitive form. Unless and until it is exchanged in whole or in part for the individual debt securities, a global security may not be transferred except as a whole by the depositary for such global security to a nominee of such depositary or by a nominee of such depositary to such depositary or another nominee of such depositary or by such depositary or any such nominee to a successor of such depositary or a nominee of such successor.

        The specific terms of the depositary arrangement with respect to any debt securities of a series and the rights of and limitations upon owners of beneficial interests in a global security will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, as the case may be, applicable to such series. We anticipate that the following provisions will generally apply to depository arrangements.

        Upon the issuance of a global security, the depositary will credit, on its book-entry registration and transfer system, the participants' accounts with the respective principal amounts of the debt securities represented by such global security beneficially owned by such participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in the global securities will be shown on, and the transfer of such ownership interests will be effected only through, records maintained by the depositary (with respect to interests of participants) and records maintained by the depositary's direct and indirect participants (with respect to the interests of beneficial owners). The laws of some states may require that certain purchasers of securities take physical delivery of such securities in definitive form. Such laws may limit or impair the ability to own, transfer or pledge beneficial interests in the global securities.

        So long as the depositary or its nominee is the registered owner of a global security, the depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the debt securities represented by such global security for all purposes under the indenture. Except as set forth below, owners of beneficial interests in a global security will not be entitled to have the debt securities represented by such global security registered in their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of such debt securities in certificated form and will not be considered the registered owners or holders thereof under the indenture. Accordingly, each person owning a beneficial interest in a global security must rely on the procedures of the depositary and, if such person is not a participant, on the procedures of the participant through which such person owns its interest, to exercise any rights of a holder under the indenture. We understand that under existing industry practices, if we request any action of holders or if an owner of a beneficial interest in a global security desires to give or take any action that a holder is entitled to give or take under the indenture, the depositary would authorize

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the participants holding the relevant beneficial interests to give or take such action, and such participants would authorize beneficial owners owning through such participants to give or to take such action or would otherwise act upon the instructions of beneficial owners holding through them.

        Principal and interest payments on interests represented by a global security will be made to the depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered owner of such global security. None of the trustee, us or any other agent of the trustee or agent of ours will have any responsibility or liability for any facet of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership of interests. We expect that the depositary or its nominee, upon receipt of any payment of principal or interest in respect of a global security, will immediately credit participants' accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in such global security as shown on the records of the depositary. We also expect that payments by participants to owners of beneficial interests in the global securities held through such participants will be governed by standing customer instructions and customary practice, as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in "street name," and will be the responsibility of such participants.

        If the depositary is at any time unwilling or unable to continue as depository or if the depositary shall cease to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, and we fail to appoint a successor depository registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act within 90 days, we will issue debt securities in definitive form in exchange for the respective global securities. In addition, the owner of a beneficial interest in a global security will be entitled to receive debt securities in definitive certificated form in exchange for such beneficial interest if an event of default with respect to the debt securities has occurred and is continuing. Any debt securities issued in definitive form in exchange for the global securities will be registered in such name or names, and will be issued in denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof, as the depositary shall instruct the trustee. It is expected that such instructions will be based upon directions received by the depositary from participants with respect to the ownership of beneficial interests in the global securities.

Merger, Consolidation and Sale of Assets

        We may not consolidate or merge with or into or sell, convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of our assets to another entity unless we are the continuing entity or the successor, transferee or lessee entity (if other than us) is organized and existing under the laws of the United States or any state thereof and expressly assumes our obligations under the indenture and the debt securities under the indenture and, immediately after giving effect to the transaction, we or the successor, transferee or lessee entity (if other than us) would not be in default in the performance of any covenant or condition of the indenture or the debt securities and no event of default would have occurred and be continuing.

Events of Default and Related Matters

        Unless we state otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the following are "events of default" under the indenture with respect to any series of debt securities:

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        If an event of default with respect to any series of debt securities at the time outstanding (other than an event of default relating to certain specified events under bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws) occurs and is continuing, either the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series may declare the principal amount of and all accrued but unpaid interest on all the outstanding debt securities of such series to be due and payable immediately. If an event of default relating to certain specified events under bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws occurs and is continuing, then the principal amount of and all accrued but unpaid interest on all the outstanding debt securities of such series shall automatically become due and payable immediately without any acceleration or other action on the part of the trustee or the holders of the debt securities of such series. At any time after a declaration of acceleration with respect to the debt securities of a series has been made, but before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series may, under certain circumstances, rescind and annul the acceleration.

        The indenture provides that within 90 days after the occurrence thereof, and if known to the trustee, the trustee will give the holders of any series of debt securities notice of each event which is or, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an event of default with respect to the debt securities of such series known to the trustee, unless such default has been cured or waived before the giving of such notice. Except in the case of a default or event of default in the payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest, if any, on any series of debt securities, the trustee shall be protected in withholding the notice if the trustee in good faith determines that the withholding of the notice is in the interest of the holders of outstanding debt securities of such series.

        The indenture provides that, subject to the duty of the trustee during the continuance of an event of default to act with the required standard of care, the trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under the indenture at the request, order or direction of any of the holders of any series of debt securities, unless the holders shall have offered to the trustee security or indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the trustee. Subject to such provisions for the indemnification of the trustee and subject to certain other limitations, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceedings for any remedy available to the trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee, with respect to the debt securities of such series.

        We are required to furnish to the trustee annually a statement as to our compliance with all conditions and covenants under the indenture and as to any default in our performance.

Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture

        The indenture, with respect to any series of debt securities (except for certain surviving obligations specified therein), will cease to be of further effect upon the satisfaction of certain conditions, including the payment in full of the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on the debt securities of such series or the deposit with the trustee of an amount of cash sufficient for the payment or redemption of the debt securities of such series, in accordance with the indenture.

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Discharge and Defeasance

        At our option, either (a) we shall be discharged from our obligations with respect to the debt securities of a series (subject to survival of certain limited provisions in the indenture) or (b) we will cease to be under any obligation to comply with certain covenants described in the indenture relating to the maintenance of insurance and the filing and transmission of reports with respect to the debt securities of a series (and, if so specified pursuant to the indenture, any other restrictive covenant added for the benefit of such series of debt securities), in either case by depositing in trust with the trustee cash or U.S. government obligations (or a combination thereof) sufficient to pay the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on the debt securities of such series to their maturity or redemption date in accordance with the terms of the indenture and the debt securities of such series.

Modification of an Indenture

        The indenture provides that we and the trustee may, without the consent of any holders of any series of debt securities issued under the indenture, enter into supplemental indentures for the purposes, among other things, of:

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        With specific exceptions, the indenture or the rights of the holders of any series of debt securities may be modified by us and the trustee with the consent of the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series voting separately, but no modification may be made without the consent of the holder of each outstanding debt security of such series that, among other things, would:

Governing Law

        The indenture and the debt securities shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York. The indenture provides that we, the trustee and the holders of the debt securities waive, to the extent permitted by applicable law, the right to trial by jury in respect of any litigation in connection with the indenture.

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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

        We may issue warrants for the purchase of debt securities, preferred stock, common stock or other securities. We may issue warrants independently or together with any offered securities. The warrants may be attached to or separate from those offered securities. We will issue the warrants under one or more warrant agreements to be entered into between us and a warrant agent to be named in the applicable prospectus supplement. The warrant agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the warrants and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders or beneficial owners of warrants.

        The prospectus supplement relating to any warrants that we may offer will contain the specific terms of the warrants. These terms may include the following:

Exercise of Warrants

        Each warrant will entitle the holder of the warrant to purchase for cash the amount of debt securities, preferred stock, common stock or other securities at the exercise price stated or determinable in the applicable prospectus supplement for the warrants. Warrants may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date shown in the applicable prospectus supplement, unless otherwise specified in such prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void. Warrants may be exercised as described in the applicable prospectus supplement. When the warrant holder makes the payment and properly completes and signs the warrant certificate at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any other office indicated in the prospectus supplement, we will, as soon as possible, forward the debt securities, preferred stock, common stock or other securities that the warrant holder has purchased. If

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the warrant holder exercises the warrant for less than all of the warrants represented by the warrant certificate, we will issue a new warrant certificate for the remaining outstanding warrants.

        The description in the applicable prospectus supplement of any warrants we offer will not necessarily be complete and will be qualified in its entirety by reference to the applicable warrant agreement and warrant certificate, which will be filed with the SEC if we offer warrants. For more information on how you can obtain copies of any warrant certificate or warrant agreement if we offer warrants, see "Where You Can Find More Information." We urge you to read the applicable warrant certificate, the applicable warrant agreement and any applicable prospectus supplement in their entirety.

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CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF MARYLAND LAW AND HCP'S CHARTER AND BYLAWS

        The following description summarizes certain provisions of Maryland law and of our charter and bylaws. This summary is not complete and is subject to, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, our charter, our bylaws and applicable provisions of the MGCL. For a complete description, we refer you to the MGCL, our charter and our bylaws. We have incorporated by reference our charter and bylaws as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.

Election of Directors

        Our bylaws provide that our board may establish, increase or decrease the number of directors, provided that the number thereof shall never be less than three nor more than eleven. Our bylaws also provide for the election of directors, in uncontested elections, by a majority of the votes cast. In contested elections, the election of directors shall be by a plurality of the votes cast. Holders of common stock have no right to cumulative voting for the election of directors. Consequently, at each annual meeting of stockholders, the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of our common stock can elect all of our directors. A vacancy resulting from an increase in the number of directors may be filled by a majority vote of the entire board or by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of our shares then entitled to vote at an election of directors. Other vacancies may be filled by the vote of a majority of the remaining directors.

Removal of Directors

        Our charter provides that a director of ours may be removed by the affirmative vote of the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares of our voting stock or by a unanimous vote of all other directors. Our stockholders may elect a successor to fill any vacancy which results from the removal of a director.

Business Combinations

        Under Maryland law, "business combinations" between a Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder or an affiliate of an interested stockholder are prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. These business combinations include a merger, consolidation, share exchange, or, in circumstances specified in the statute, an asset transfer or issuance or reclassification of equity securities. An interested stockholder is defined as:

        After the five-year prohibition, any business combination between the Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder generally must be recommended by the board of the corporation and approved by the affirmative vote of at least:

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        These super-majority vote requirements do not apply if the corporation's common stockholders receive a minimum price, as defined under Maryland law, for their shares in the form of cash or other consideration in the same form as previously paid by the interested stockholder for its shares. None of these provisions of Maryland law will apply, however, to business combinations that are approved or exempted by the board of the corporation prior to the time that the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder.

        In addition to the restrictions on business combinations provided under Maryland law, our charter also contains restrictions on business combinations. See "Description of Capital Stock—Business Combination Provisions."

Control Share Acquisitions

        Maryland law provides that holders of "control shares" of a Maryland corporation acquired in a "control share acquisition" have no voting rights with respect to the control shares except to the extent approved by a vote of two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Shares of stock owned by the acquiror, by officers or by directors who are employees of the corporation are excluded from shares entitled to vote on the matter. "Control shares" are voting shares of stock which, if aggregated with all other shares of stock owned by the acquiror or shares of stock for which the acquiror is able to exercise or direct the exercise of voting power except solely by virtue of a revocable proxy, would entitle the acquiror to exercise voting power in electing directors within one of the following ranges of voting power:

        Control shares do not include shares the acquiring person is then entitled to vote as a result of having previously obtained stockholder approval. Except as otherwise specified in the statute, a "control share acquisition" means the acquisition of control shares.

        Once a person who has made or proposes to make a control share acquisition has undertaken to pay expenses and satisfied other conditions, the person may compel the board to call a special meeting of stockholders to be held within 50 days of demand to consider the voting rights of the shares. If no request for a meeting is made, the corporation may itself present the question at any stockholders meeting.

        If voting rights are not approved at the meeting or if the acquiring person does not deliver an acquiring person statement as required by the statute, then the corporation may be able to redeem any or all of the control shares for fair value, except for control shares for which voting rights previously have been approved. The right of the corporation to redeem control shares is subject to certain conditions and limitations. Fair value is determined without regard to the absence of voting rights for control shares, as of the date of the last control share acquisition by the acquiror or of any meeting of stockholders at which the voting rights of control shares are considered and not approved. If voting rights for control shares are approved at a stockholders meeting and the acquiror becomes entitled to vote a majority of the shares entitled to vote, all other stockholders may exercise appraisal rights. The fair value of the shares as determined for purposes of these appraisal rights may not be less than the highest price per share paid by the acquiror in the control share acquisition. Some of the limitations and restrictions otherwise applicable to the exercise of dissenters' rights do not apply in the context of a control share acquisition.

        The control share acquisition statute does not apply to shares acquired in a merger, consolidation or share exchange if the corporation is a party to the transaction or to acquisitions approved or

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exempted by the charter or bylaws of the corporation. Our bylaws contain a provision exempting acquisitions of shares of our stock from the control share acquisition statute. However, our board may amend our bylaws in the future to repeal or modify this exemption, in which case any control shares of our company acquired in a control share acquisition will be subject to the control share acquisition statute.

Unsolicited Takeovers

        Under Maryland law, a Maryland corporation with a class of equity securities registered under the Exchange Act and at least three independent directors may elect to be subject to certain statutory provisions relating to unsolicited takeovers which, among other things, would automatically classify the board into three classes with staggered terms of three years each and vest in the board the exclusive right to determine the number of directors and the exclusive right, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors, to fill vacancies on the board, even if the remaining directors do not constitute a quorum. These statutory provisions relating to unsolicited takeovers also provide that any director elected to fill a vacancy shall hold office for the remainder of the full term of the class of directors in which the vacancy occurred, rather than the next annual meeting of directors as would otherwise be the case, and until his successor is elected and qualified.

        Our board of directors has adopted a resolution prohibiting us from electing to be subject to the provisions of the unsolicited takeover statute relating to the classification of the board unless such election is first approved by our stockholders by the affirmative vote of a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. An election to be subject to any or all of the other foregoing statutory provisions may be made in our charter or bylaws, or by resolution of our board without stockholder approval. Any such statutory provision to which we elect to be subject will apply even if other provisions of Maryland law or our charter or bylaws provide to the contrary. Neither our charter nor our bylaws provides that we are subject to any of the foregoing statutory provisions relating to unsolicited takeovers. However, our board could adopt a resolution, without stockholder approval, to elect to become subject to some or all of these statutory provisions except the statutory provisions relating to the classification of the board.

        If we made an election, upon stockholder approval of such election, to be subject to the statutory provisions relating to the classification of the board and our board were divided into three classes with staggered terms of office of three years each, the classification and staggered terms of office of our directors would make it more difficult for a third party to gain control of our board since at least two annual meetings of stockholders, instead of one, generally would be required to effect a change in the majority of our board.

Amendments to the Charter

        Provisions of our charter on business combinations, the number of directors and certain ownership restrictions may be amended only if approved by our board and by our stockholders by the affirmative vote of two-thirds of all of the votes entitled to be cast by our stockholders on the matter. Other amendments to our charter require approval by our board and approval by our stockholders by the affirmative vote of a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast by our stockholders on the matter.

Amendment to the Bylaws

        Provisions of our bylaws on the number of directors, in certain circumstances, and the vote required to amend the bylaws may be amended only by unanimous vote of the board or by the affirmative vote of not less than 90% of all of the votes entitled to be cast by our stockholders on the matter. Other amendments to our bylaws require the affirmative vote of a majority of the entire board

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or the affirmative vote of a majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast by our stockholders on the matter.

Dissolution of HCP, Inc.

        Our dissolution must be approved by our board by a majority vote of the entire board and by our stockholders by the affirmative vote of a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast by our stockholders on the matter.

Advance Notice of Director Nominations and New Business; Procedures of Special Meetings Requested by Stockholders

        Our bylaws provide that nominations of persons for election to the board and the proposal of business to be considered by stockholders at the annual or special meeting of stockholders may be made only:

        Our bylaws also provide that only the business specified in our notice of meeting may be brought before a special meeting of stockholders. Our bylaws provide that our stockholders have the right to call a special meeting only upon the written request of the stockholders holding in the aggregate not less than 50% of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the business proposed to be transacted at such meeting.

Proxy Access

        Our bylaws permit any stockholder or group of up to 25 stockholders (counting as one stockholder, for purposes of the aggregation limit, any two or more funds that are part of the same qualifying fund group, as such term is defined in our bylaws) who have maintained continuous qualifying ownership of 3% or more of our outstanding common stock for at least the previous three years to include up to a specified number of director nominees in our proxy materials for an annual meeting of stockholders. A nominating stockholder is considered to own only the shares for which the stockholder possesses the full voting and investment rights and the full economic interest (including the opportunity for profit and risk of loss). Under this provision, borrowed or hedged shares do not count as "owned" shares. Furthermore, to the extent not otherwise excluded pursuant to this definition of ownership, a nominating stockholder's "short position" as defined in Rule 14e-4 under the Exchange Act is deducted from the shares otherwise "owned." Loaned shares are counted toward the ownership requirement, provided that certain recall requirements described in our bylaws are met. If a group of stockholders is aggregating its shareholdings in order to meet the 3% ownership requirement, the ownership of the group will be determined by aggregating the lowest number of shares continuously owned by each member during the three-year holding period.

        The maximum number of stockholder nominees permitted under the proxy access provisions of our bylaws shall not exceed the greater of (i) two or (ii) 20% of the directors in office as of the last day a notice of nomination may be timely received. If the 20% calculation does not result in a whole number, the maximum number of stockholder nominees is the closest whole number below 20%. If one or more vacancies occurs for any reason after the nomination deadline and our board decides to reduce the size of our board in connection therewith, the 20% calculation will be applied to the reduced size of the board, with the potential result that a stockholder nominee may be disqualified. Stockholder-nominated

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candidates whose nomination is withdrawn or whom the board determines to include in our proxy materials as board-nominated candidates will be counted against the 20% maximum. In addition, any director in office as of the nomination deadline who was included in our proxy materials as a stockholder nominee for either of the two preceding annual meetings and whom our board decides to renominate for election to the board also will be counted against the 20% maximum.

        Notice of a nomination pursuant to the proxy access provisions of our bylaws must be received no earlier than 150 days and no later than 120 days before the anniversary of the date that we distributed our proxy statement for the previous year's annual meeting of stockholders. The proxy access provisions of our bylaws require certain disclosure, representations and agreements to be provided or made by nominating stockholders and contain certain other procedural provisions.

        A stockholder nominee will not be eligible for inclusion in our proxy materials if any stockholder has nominated a person pursuant to the advance notice provision of our bylaws, if the nominee would not be independent, if the nominee's election would cause us to violate our bylaws, our charter or any applicable listing standards, laws, rules or regulations, if the nominee is or has been an officer or director of a competitor, as defined in Section 8 of the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914, within the past three years, or if the nominee or the stockholder who nominated him or her has provided false and misleading information to us or otherwise breached any of its or their obligations, representations or agreements under the proxy access provisions of our bylaws. Stockholder nominees who are included in our proxy materials but subsequently withdraw from or become ineligible or unavailable for election at the meeting or do not receive at least 10% of the votes cast in the election will be ineligible for nomination under the proxy access provisions of our bylaws for the next two annual meetings. A nomination made under the proxy access provisions of our bylaws will be disregarded at the annual meeting under certain circumstances described in our bylaws.

Anti-Takeover Effect of Provisions of Maryland Law and of the Charter and Bylaws

        The provisions in the charter on removal of directors and business combinations, the business combinations and control share acquisition provisions of Maryland law, the unsolicited takeover provisions of Maryland law (if we elect to become subject to such provisions) and the provisions of our bylaws relating to advance notice, proxy access and stockholder-requested special meetings may delay, defer or prevent a change of control or other transaction in which holders of some, or a majority, of the common stock might receive a premium for their common stock over the then prevailing market price or which such holders might believe to be otherwise in their best interests.

Limitation of Liability and Indemnification

        Maryland law permits a Maryland corporation to include in its charter a provision limiting the liability of its directors and officers to the corporation and its stockholders for money damages. However, a Maryland corporation may not limit liability resulting from actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services. Also, liability resulting from active and deliberate dishonesty may not be eliminated if a final judgment establishes that the dishonesty is material to the cause of action. Our charter contains a provision which limits the liability of directors and officers for money damages to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law. This provision does not limit our right or that of our stockholders to obtain equitable relief, such as an injunction or rescission.

        Our bylaws obligate us, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law, to indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination as to the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, to pay or reimburse reasonable expenses before final disposition of a proceeding to:

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        The bylaws authorize us, with the approval of our board, to provide indemnification and advancement of expenses to our agents and employees.

        Unless limited by a corporation's charter, Maryland law requires a corporation to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he is made a party by reason of his service in that capacity, or in the defense of any claim, issue or matter in the proceeding. Our charter does not alter this requirement.

        Maryland law permits a corporation to indemnify its present and former directors and officers, among others, against:

        Maryland law does not permit a corporation to indemnify its present and former directors and officers if it is established that:

        Under Maryland law, a Maryland corporation generally may not indemnify for an adverse judgment in a suit by or in the right of the corporation. Also, a Maryland corporation generally may not indemnify for a judgment of liability on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received. In either of these cases, a Maryland corporation may indemnify for expenses only if a court so orders.

        Maryland law permits a corporation to advance reasonable expenses to a director or officer. First, however, the corporation must receive a written affirmation by the director or officer of his good faith belief that he has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the corporation. The corporation must also receive a written undertaking, either by the director or officer or on his behalf, to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the corporation if it shall ultimately be determined that the standard of conduct was not met. The termination of any proceeding by conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, or an entry of any order of probation prior to judgment, creates a rebuttable presumption that the director or officer did not meet the requisite standard of conduct required for indemnification to be permitted.

        It is the position of the Commission that indemnification of directors and officers for liabilities arising under the Securities Act is against public policy and is unenforceable pursuant to Section 14 of the Securities Act.

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SELLING SECURITY HOLDERS

        Information about selling security holders, where applicable, will be set forth in a prospectus supplement, in a post-effective amendment, or in filings we make with the SEC under the Exchange Act which are incorporated by reference.

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UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

        The following is a summary of U.S. federal income tax considerations generally applicable to our election to be taxed as a REIT and the ownership and disposition of certain of the securities offered by this prospectus. This summary does not purport to be a complete analysis of all of the potential tax considerations relating thereto. This summary is based on current law, is for general information only and is not tax advice. As used in this section, references to "HCP," "the Company," "we," "us" or "our," mean only HCP, Inc., and not its subsidiaries, except as otherwise indicated.

        The information in this summary is based on:

in each case, as of the date of this prospectus. In addition, the administrative interpretations and practices of the IRS include its practices and policies as expressed in private letter rulings that are not binding on the IRS except with respect to the particular taxpayers who requested and received those rulings. Future legislation, Treasury Regulations, administrative interpretations and practices and/or court decisions may change or adversely affect the tax considerations described in this prospectus. Any such change could apply retroactively to transactions preceding the date of the change. We have not requested and do not intend to request a ruling from the IRS that we qualify as a REIT or concerning the treatment of the securities offered by this prospectus, and the statements in this prospectus are not binding on the IRS or any court. Thus, we can provide no assurance that the tax considerations contained in this summary will not be challenged by the IRS or will be sustained by a court if so challenged.

        This summary assumes that the securities offered by this prospectus are held as "capital assets" (generally, property held for investment). Your tax treatment will vary depending on the terms of the specific securities that you acquire, as well as your particular situation. Supplemental U.S. federal income tax considerations relevant to your ownership of the particular securities offered by this prospectus may be provided in the prospectus supplement that relates to those securities. This discussion does not purport to deal with all aspects of taxation that may be relevant to holders of our securities in light of their personal investment or tax circumstances, or to holders who receive special treatment under the U.S. federal income tax laws except to the extent discussed specifically herein. Holders of securities offered by this prospectus receiving special treatment include, without limitation:

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        In addition, this discussion does not address any state, local or foreign tax consequences associated with the ownership of the securities offered by this prospectus or our election to be taxed as a REIT.

        You are urged to consult your tax advisor regarding the specific tax consequences to you of:

Taxation of the Company

        We elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code, commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 1985. We believe we have been organized and have operated in a manner which allows us to qualify for taxation as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 1985. We currently intend to continue to be organized and operate in this manner. However, qualification and taxation as a REIT depend upon our ability to meet the various qualification tests imposed under the Internal Revenue Code, including through actual annual operating results, asset composition, distribution levels and diversity of stock ownership. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that we have been organized and have operated, or will continue to be organized and operate, in a manner so as to qualify or remain qualified as a REIT. See "—Failure to Qualify."

        The sections of the Internal Revenue Code and the corresponding Treasury Regulations that relate to the qualification and taxation as a REIT are highly technical and complex. The following sets forth certain aspects of the sections of the Internal Revenue Code that govern the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a REIT and its stockholders. This summary is qualified in its entirety by the applicable Internal Revenue Code provisions, Treasury Regulations, and related administrative and judicial interpretations thereof. Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP has acted as our tax counsel in connection with this prospectus and our election to be taxed as a REIT.

        Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP has rendered an opinion to us to the effect that, commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 1985, we have been organized and have operated in conformity with the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT, and that our proposed method of operation will enable us to continue to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code. It must be emphasized that this opinion was based on various assumptions and representations as to factual matters, including representations made by us in factual certificates provided by one or more of our officers. In addition, this opinion was based upon our factual representations set forth in this prospectus. Moreover, our qualification and taxation as a REIT depend upon our ability to meet the various qualification tests imposed under the Internal Revenue Code which are discussed below, including through actual annual operating results, asset composition, distribution levels and diversity of stock ownership, all of the results of which have not been and will not be reviewed by Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that our actual results of operation for any particular taxable year have satisfied

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or will satisfy those requirements. See "—Failure to Qualify." Further, the anticipated income tax treatment described in this prospectus may be changed, perhaps retroactively, by legislative, administrative or judicial action at any time. Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP has no obligation to update its opinion subsequent to its date.

New Tax Reform Legislation Enacted December 22, 2017

        On December 22, 2017, the President signed into law H.R. 1, which is commonly referred to as the "Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017" (the "TCJA"). This legislation makes many changes to the U.S. federal income tax laws that significantly impact the taxation of individuals, corporations (both non-REIT C corporations as well as corporations that have elected to be taxed as REITs), and the taxation of taxpayers with overseas assets and operations. These changes are generally effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017. However, a number of changes that reduce the tax rates applicable to non-corporate taxpayers (including a new 20% deduction for qualified REIT dividends that reduces the effective rate of regular income tax on such income), and also limit the ability of such taxpayers to claim certain deductions, will expire for taxable years beginning after 2025 unless Congress acts to extend them.

        These changes will impact us and our shareholders in various ways, some of which are adverse relative to prior law, and this summary of U.S. federal income tax considerations incorporates these changes where material. To date, the IRS has issued only limited guidance with respect to certain provisions of the new law. There are numerous interpretive issues and ambiguities that will require guidance and that are not clearly addressed in the Conference Report that accompanied the TCJA. Technical corrections legislation will likely be needed to clarify certain of the new provisions and give proper effect to Congressional intent. There can be no assurance, however, that technical clarifications or other legislative changes that may be needed to prevent unintended or unforeseen tax consequences will be enacted by Congress anytime soon.

Taxation of REITs

        Provided we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we generally will not be required to pay U.S. federal corporate income taxes on our REIT taxable income that is currently distributed to our stockholders. This treatment substantially eliminates the "double taxation" that ordinarily results from investment in a C corporation. A C corporation is a corporation that is generally required to pay tax at the corporate-level. We will be required to pay U.S. federal income tax, however, as follows:

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Requirements for Qualification as a REIT

        The Internal Revenue Code defines a REIT as a corporation, trust or association:

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        The Internal Revenue Code provides that conditions (1) to (4), inclusive, must be met during the entire taxable year and that condition (5) must be met during at least 335 days of a taxable year of twelve months, or during a proportionate part of a taxable year of less than twelve months. Conditions (5) and (6) do not apply until after the first taxable year for which an election is made to be taxed as a REIT. For purposes of condition (6), the term "individual" includes a supplemental unemployment compensation benefit plan, a private foundation or a portion of a trust permanently set aside or used exclusively for charitable purposes, but generally does not include a qualified pension plan or profit sharing trust.

        We believe that we have been organized, have operated and have issued sufficient shares of capital stock with sufficient diversity of ownership to allow us to satisfy conditions (1) through (7) inclusive, during the relevant time periods. In addition, our charter documents provide for restrictions regarding ownership and transfer of our shares which are intended to assist us in continuing to satisfy the ownership requirements described in conditions (5) and (6) above. These stock ownership and transfer restrictions are described in "Description of Capital Stock—Transfer and Ownership Restrictions Relating to Our Common Stock," "Description of Capital Stock—Business Combination Provisions" and "Description of Capital Stock—Transfer and Ownership Restrictions Relating to Our Preferred Stock." These restrictions, however, may not ensure that we will, in all cases, be able to satisfy the share ownership requirements described in conditions (5) and (6) above. If we fail to satisfy these share ownership requirements, except as provided in the last sentence of this paragraph, our status as a REIT will terminate. See "Failure to Qualify." We have complied with, and believe we will continue to comply with, regulatory rules to send annual letters to certain of our stockholders requesting information regarding the actual ownership of our stock. If, however, we comply with such rules contained in applicable Treasury Regulations that require us to ascertain the actual ownership of our shares and we do not know, or would not have known through the exercise of reasonable diligence, that we failed to meet the requirement described in condition (6) above, we will be treated as having met this requirement.

        In addition, we may not maintain our status as a REIT unless our taxable year is the calendar year. We have and will continue to have a calendar taxable year.

Ownership of Interests in Partnerships

        We own and operate one or more properties through partnerships and limited liability companies treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Treasury Regulations provide that if we are a partner in a partnership, we will be deemed to own our proportionate share of the assets of the partnership based on our interest in partnership capital, subject to special rules relating to the 10% REIT asset test described below. Also, we will be deemed to be entitled to our proportionate share of the income of the partnership. The assets and gross income of the partnership retain the same character in our hands, including for purposes of satisfying the gross income tests and the asset tests. In addition, for these purposes, the assets and items of income of any partnership in which we own a direct or indirect interest include such partnership's share of assets and items of income of any partnership in which it owns an interest. The treatment described above also applies with respect to the ownership of interests in limited liability companies or other entities that are treated as partnerships for tax purposes.

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        We may have direct or indirect control of certain partnerships and limited liability companies treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes and intend to continue to operate them in a manner consistent with the requirements for our qualification as a REIT. We are a limited partner or non-managing member in certain partnerships and limited liability companies. If any such partnership or limited liability company were to take actions that could jeopardize our status as a REIT or require us to pay tax, we may be forced to dispose of our interest in such entity. In addition, it is possible that a partnership or limited liability company could take an action which could cause us to fail a REIT income or asset test, and that we would not become aware of such action in a time frame which would allow us to dispose of our interest in the applicable entity or take other corrective action on a timely basis. In that case, unless we were entitled to relief, as described below, we would fail to qualify as a REIT.

        Treasury Regulations provide that for U.S. federal income tax purposes, a domestic business entity not organized or otherwise required to be treated as a corporation (an "eligible entity") may elect to be taxed (i) as a corporation or as a partnership if it has two or more members and (ii) as a corporation or as a disregarded entity if it has only one member. With the exception of certain limited liability companies that have elected to be treated as corporations and have also either elected to be treated as REITs or elected with us to be treated as taxable REIT subsidiaries, the partnerships and limited liability companies in which we own an interest intend to claim classification as partnerships or disregarded entities under these Treasury Regulations. As a result, we believe that these partnerships and limited liability companies will be classified as partnerships or disregarded entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

        If a partnership or limited liability company in which we own an interest, or one or more of its subsidiary partnerships or limited liability companies, were treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it would be subject to an entity-level tax on its income. Such treatment would change the character of our assets and items of gross income and could prevent us from satisfying the REIT asset tests and possibly the REIT income tests. See "—Taxation of the Company—Asset Tests" and "—Taxation of the Company—Income Tests." This, in turn, could prevent us from qualifying as a REIT. See "—Failure to Qualify" for a discussion of the effect of our failure to meet these tests. In addition, a change in the tax status of one or more of the partnerships or limited liability companies in which we own an interest might be treated as a taxable event. If so, we might incur a tax liability without any related cash distributions.

Allocations of Income, Gain, Loss and Deduction

        A partnership or limited liability company agreement generally will determine the allocation of income and losses among partners or members. These allocations, however, will be disregarded for tax purposes if they do not comply with the provisions of Section 704(b) of the Internal Revenue Code and the related Treasury Regulations. Generally, Section 704(b) of the Internal Revenue Code and the related Treasury Regulations require that partnership and limited liability company allocations respect the economic arrangement of the partners or members. If an allocation is not recognized for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the relevant item will be reallocated according to the partners' or members' interests in the partnership or limited liability company, as the case may be. This reallocation will be determined by taking into account all of the facts and circumstances relating to the economic arrangement of the partners or members with respect to such item. The allocations of taxable income and loss in each of the entities treated as partnerships in which we own an interest are intended to comply with the requirements of Section 704(b) of the Internal Revenue Code and the applicable Treasury Regulations.

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Tax Allocations with Respect to the Properties

        Under Section 704(c) of the Internal Revenue Code, income, gain, loss and deduction attributable to appreciated or depreciated property that is contributed to a partnership or limited liability company in exchange for an interest in the partnership or limited liability company must be allocated in a manner so that the contributing partner or member is charged with the unrealized gain or benefits from the unrealized loss associated with the property at the time of the contribution. The amount of the unrealized gain or unrealized loss generally is equal to the difference between the fair market value or book value and the adjusted tax basis of the contributed property at the time of contribution. These allocations are solely for U.S. federal income tax purposes and do not affect the book capital accounts or other economic or legal arrangements among the partners or members. Some of the partnerships and/or limited liability companies in which we own an interest were formed by way of contributions of appreciated property. The relevant partnership and/or limited liability company agreements require that allocations be made in a manner consistent with Section 704(c) of the Internal Revenue Code. This could cause us to be allocated lower amounts of depreciation deductions for tax purposes than would be allocated to us if the contributed properties were acquired in a cash purchase, and could cause us to be allocated taxable gain upon a sale of the contributed properties in excess of the economic or book income allocated to us as a result of such sale. These adjustments could make it more difficult for us to satisfy the REIT distribution requirements.

Partnership Audit Rules

        Under the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015, Congress revised the rules applicable to U.S. federal income tax audits of partnerships (such as certain of our subsidiaries) and the collection of any tax resulting from any such audits or other tax proceedings, generally for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017. Under the new rules, the partnership itself may be liable for an increase in taxes that would ordinarily apply at the partner level (including interest and penalties) resulting from an adjustment of partnership tax items on audit, regardless of changes in the composition of the partners (or their relative ownership) between the year under audit and the year of the adjustment. The new rules also include an elective alternative method under which the additional taxes resulting from the adjustment are assessed from the affected partners, subject to a higher rate of interest than otherwise would apply. Many questions remain as to how the new rules will apply, especially with respect to partners that are REITs, and it is not clear at this time what effect this new legislation will have on us. However, these changes could increase the U.S. federal income tax, interest, and/or penalties otherwise borne by us in the event of a U.S. federal income tax audit of a subsidiary partnership.

Ownership of Interests in Qualified REIT Subsidiaries and Other Disregarded Entities

        We may, from time to time, own interests in subsidiary corporations. We own and operate a number of properties through our wholly-owned subsidiaries that we believe will be treated as "qualified REIT subsidiaries" under the Internal Revenue Code. A corporation will qualify as our qualified REIT subsidiary if we own 100% of its outstanding stock and if we do not elect with the subsidiary to treat it as a "taxable REIT subsidiary," as described below. A corporation that is a qualified REIT subsidiary is not treated as a separate corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and all assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit of a qualified REIT subsidiary are treated as assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit (as the case may be) of the parent REIT for all purposes under the Internal Revenue Code (including all REIT qualification tests). Thus, in applying the U.S. federal tax requirements described in this prospectus, the subsidiaries in which we own a 100% interest (other than any taxable REIT subsidiaries) are ignored, and all assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit of such subsidiaries are treated as our assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit. A qualified REIT subsidiary is not required to pay U.S. federal income tax, and our ownership of the stock of a qualified REIT subsidiary does not violate

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the restrictions on ownership of securities of any one issuer which constitute more than 10% of the voting power or value of such issuer's securities or more than 5% of the value of our total assets, as described below in "—Asset Tests." Other entities that are wholly owned by us, including single-member limited liability companies that have not elected to be taxed as corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes, are also generally disregarded as separate entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes, including for purposes of the REIT income and asset tests.

        In the event that a qualified REIT subsidiary or other disregarded entity of ours ceases to be wholly owned—for example, if any equity interest in such entity is acquired by another person—the qualified REIT subsidiary's separate existence would no longer be disregarded for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Instead, the subsidiary would have multiple owners and would be treated as either a partnership or a taxable corporation. Such an event could, depending on the circumstances, adversely affect our ability to satisfy the various asset and gross income requirements applicable to REITs, including the requirement that REITs generally may not own, directly or indirectly, more than 10% of the securities of an issuer.

Ownership of Interests in Subsidiary REITs

        We own interests in other corporations that have elected to be taxed as REITs. Provided that each of these REITs qualifies as a REIT, our interest in each of these REITs will be treated as a qualifying real estate asset for purposes of the REIT asset tests and any dividend income or gains derived by us will generally be treated as income that qualifies for purposes of the REIT gross income tests. To qualify as a REIT, each of these REITs must independently satisfy the various REIT qualification requirements described in this summary. If any of these REITs were to fail to qualify as a REIT, and certain relief provisions do not apply, it would be treated as a regular taxable corporation and its income would be subject to U.S. federal income tax. In addition, a failure of any of these REITs to qualify as a REIT would have an adverse effect on our ability to comply with the REIT income and asset tests, and thus our ability to qualify as a REIT.

Ownership of Interests in Taxable REIT Subsidiaries

        A taxable REIT subsidiary of ours is an entity treated as a corporation (other than a REIT) in which we directly or indirectly hold stock, and that has made a joint election with us to be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary. A taxable REIT subsidiary also includes any entity treated as a corporation (other than a REIT) with respect to which a taxable REIT subsidiary owns securities possessing more than 35% of the total voting power or value of the outstanding securities of such corporation. A taxable REIT subsidiary generally may engage in any business, including the provision of customary or non-customary services to tenants of its parent REIT, except that a taxable REIT subsidiary may not directly or indirectly operate or manage a lodging or healthcare facility or directly or indirectly provide to any other person (under a franchise, license or otherwise) rights to any brand name under which any lodging or healthcare facility is operated. A taxable REIT subsidiary is subject to U.S. federal income tax, and state and local income tax where applicable, as a regular C corporation. In addition, a taxable REIT subsidiary may be prevented from deducting interest on debt funded directly or indirectly by its parent REIT if certain tests regarding the taxable REIT subsidiary's debt to equity ratio and interest expense are not satisfied. Further, a 100% tax applies to any interest payments by a taxable REIT subsidiary to its affiliated REIT to the extent the interest rate is not commercially reasonable. A taxable REIT subsidiary is permitted to deduct interest payments to unrelated parties without any of these restrictions. We currently own interests in several taxable REIT subsidiaries, and may acquire interests in additional taxable REIT subsidiaries in the future. Our ownership of securities of our taxable REIT subsidiaries will not be subject to the 5% or 10% asset tests described below. See "—Asset Tests."

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New Interest Deduction Limitation Enacted by the TCJA

        Commencing in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017, Section 163(j) of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended by the TCJA, limits the deductibility of net interest expense paid or accrued on debt properly allocable to a trade or business to 30% of "adjusted taxable income," subject to certain exceptions. Such limitation could increase our REIT taxable income. Any deduction in excess of the limitation is carried forward and may be used in a subsequent year, subject to the 30% limitation. Adjusted taxable income is determined without regard to certain deductions, including those for net interest expense, net operating loss carryforwards and, for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2022, depreciation, amortization and depletion. Provided the taxpayer makes a timely election (which is irrevocable), the 30% limitation does not apply to a trade or business involving real property development, redevelopment, construction, reconstruction, rental, operation, acquisition, conversion, disposition, management, leasing or brokerage. If this election is made, however, we must use a generally less favorable depreciation system under the Internal Revenue Code for our real property (including certain improvements), which would increase our REIT taxable income. The decision of whether to make the election and the availability of such election could therefore impact our REIT distribution requirement.

        Similarly, the limitation could cause our taxable REIT subsidiaries to have greater taxable income and thus potentially greater corporate tax liability. As described above, under Section 163(j) of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended by the TCJA, taxable REIT subsidiaries may be limited in their ability to deduct interest payments in excess of a certain amount made directly or indirectly to us or third parties.

Income Tests

        We must satisfy two gross income requirements annually to maintain our qualification as a REIT:

        For these purposes, the term "interest" generally does not include any amount received or accrued, directly or indirectly, if the determination of all or some of the amount depends in any way on the income or profits of any person. However, an amount received or accrued generally will not be excluded from the term "interest" solely by reason of being based on a fixed percentage or percentages of receipts or sales.

        Rents we receive from a tenant will qualify as "rents from real property" for the purpose of satisfying the gross income requirements for a REIT described above only if all of the following conditions are met:

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        We generally do not intend to receive rent which fails to satisfy any of the above conditions. Notwithstanding the foregoing, we may have taken and may continue to take actions which fail to satisfy one or more of the above conditions to the extent that we determine, based on the advice of our tax counsel, that those actions will not jeopardize our tax status as a REIT. In addition, with respect to the limitation on the rental of personal property, we have not obtained appraisals of the real property and personal property leased to tenants. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the IRS will agree with our determinations of value.

        Income we receive that is attributable to the rental of parking spaces at our properties will constitute rents from real property for purposes of the REIT gross income tests if any services provided

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with respect to the parking facilities are performed by independent contractors from whom we derive no income, either directly or indirectly, or by a taxable REIT subsidiary, and certain other requirements are met. With the exception of some parking facilities we operate, we believe that the income we receive that is attributable to parking facilities meets these tests and, accordingly, will constitute rents from real property for purposes of the REIT gross income tests.

        Also, rental revenue will generally not qualify as rents from real property if we directly or constructively hold a 10% or greater interest, as measured by vote or value, in the lessee's equity. Rents we receive from a tenant that is our taxable REIT subsidiary will, however, generally not be excluded from the definition of "rents from real property" as a result of our ownership interest in the taxable REIT subsidiary if the property to which the rents relate is a "qualified lodging facility" or a "qualified healthcare property" and such property is operated on behalf of the taxable REIT subsidiary by a person who is an "eligible independent contractor." An operator of qualified healthcare properties will qualify as an eligible independent contractor if it meets certain ownership tests with respect to us, and if, at the time the operator enters into the property management agreement, the operator is actively engaged in the trade or business of operating qualified healthcare properties for any person who is not a related person to us or the taxable REIT subsidiary. A "qualified healthcare property" means any real property (or any personal property incidental thereto) that is, or that is necessary or incidental to the use of, a healthcare facility.

        From time to time, we enter into hedging transactions with respect to one or more of our assets or liabilities. Our hedging activities may include entering into interest rate swaps, caps, and floors, options to purchase these items, and futures and forward contracts. Income from a hedging transaction, including gain from the sale or disposition of such a transaction, that is "clearly identified" as a hedging transaction as specified in the Internal Revenue Code and that is entered into to manage the risk of interest rate or price changes with respect to REIT borrowings or currency fluctuations with respect to qualifying income will not constitute gross income and thus will be exempt from the 95% gross income test and from the 75% gross income test. This exclusion also applies to certain offsetting hedging positions. To the extent that we do not properly identify such transactions as hedges or otherwise do not satisfy the requirements with respect to hedging transactions in the Internal Revenue Code, the income from those transactions is not likely to be treated as qualifying income for purposes of the gross income tests. We intend to structure any hedging transactions in a manner that does not jeopardize our status as a REIT.

        Our foreign investments could cause us to incur foreign currency gains or losses. "Passive foreign exchange gain" will not constitute gross income for purposes of the 95% gross income test and "real estate foreign exchange gain" will not constitute gross income for purposes of the 75% gross income test. Real estate foreign exchange gain is foreign currency gain (as defined in Section 988(b)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code) which is attributable to: (i) any qualifying item of income or gain for purposes of the 75% gross income test; (ii) the acquisition or ownership of obligations secured by mortgages on real property or interests in real property; or (iii) becoming or being the obligor under obligations secured by mortgages on real property or on interests in real property. Real estate foreign exchange gain also includes certain gain attributable to a qualified business unit of a REIT if the qualified business unit itself meets the 75% gross income test for the taxable year and the 75% asset test at the close of each quarter that the REIT has directly or indirectly held the qualified business unit. Passive foreign exchange gain includes all real estate foreign exchange gain and foreign currency gain which is attributable to: (i) any qualifying item of income or gain for purposes of the 95% gross income test; (ii) the acquisition or ownership of obligations; (iii) becoming or being the obligor under obligations; and (iv) any other foreign currency gain as determined by the Secretary of the Treasury.

        Generally, other than income from "clearly identified" hedging transactions entered into by us in the normal course of business, any foreign currency gain derived by us from dealing, or engaging in

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substantial and regular trading, in securities will constitute gross income that does not qualify under the 95% or 75% gross income tests.

        Dividends we receive from our taxable REIT subsidiaries will qualify under the 95%, but not the 75%, REIT gross income test.

        The Department of Treasury has broad authority to determine whether any item of income or gain which does not otherwise qualify under the 75% or 95% gross income tests may be excluded as gross income for purposes of such tests or may be considered income that qualifies under either such test.

        We believe that the aggregate amount of our nonqualifying income, from all sources, in any taxable year will not exceed the limit on nonqualifying income under the gross income tests. If we fail to satisfy one or both of the 75% or 95% gross income tests for any taxable year, we may nevertheless qualify as a REIT for the year if we are entitled to relief under certain provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. We generally may make use of the relief provisions if:

        It is not possible, however, to state whether in all circumstances we would be entitled to the benefit of these relief provisions. For example, if we fail to satisfy the gross income tests because nonqualifying income that we intentionally accrue or receive exceeds the limits on nonqualifying income, the IRS could conclude that our failure to satisfy the tests was not due to reasonable cause. If these relief provisions do not apply to a particular set of circumstances, we will not qualify as a REIT. As discussed above in "—Taxation of the Company—General," even if these relief provisions apply, and we retain our status as a REIT, a tax would be imposed with respect to our nonqualifying income. We may not always be able to comply with the gross income tests for REIT qualification despite our periodic monitoring of our income.

Prohibited Transaction Income

        Any gain that we realize on the sale of property held as inventory or otherwise held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business will be treated as income from a prohibited transaction that is subject to a 100% penalty tax. Such prohibited transaction income may also adversely affect our ability to satisfy the income tests for qualification as a REIT. Under existing law, whether property is held as inventory or primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business is a question of fact that depends on all the facts and circumstances surrounding the particular transaction. There are a number of safe harbors specified in the Internal Revenue Code under which a sale of property will not be treated as a prohibited transaction, but these safe harbors are highly technical, and our ability to satisfy their requirements is dependent on a number of non-tax business considerations.

        We intend to hold our properties for investment with a view to long-term appreciation and to engage in the business of acquiring, developing and owning our properties. We have made, and may in the future make, occasional sales of the properties consistent with our investment objectives. The IRS may contend, however, that one or more of these sales is subject to the 100% penalty tax, and there can be no assurance that such sales will qualify for a prohibited transaction safe harbor. The 100% tax does not apply to gains from the sale of property that is held through a taxable REIT subsidiary or other taxable corporation, although such income will be subject to tax in the hands of the corporation at regular corporate rates.

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Foreclosure Property Income

        We generally will be subject to tax at the maximum corporate rate on any net income from foreclosure property, including any gain from the disposition of the foreclosure property, other than income that constitutes qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test. Foreclosure property is real property and any personal property incident to such real property (1) that we acquire as the result of having bid on the property at foreclosure, or having otherwise reduced the property to ownership or possession by agreement or process of law, after a default (or upon imminent default) on a lease of the property or a mortgage loan held by us and secured by the property, (2) for which we acquired the related loan or lease at a time when default was not imminent or anticipated, and (3) with respect to which we made a proper election to treat the property as foreclosure property. The term "foreclosure property" includes any qualified health care property—generally, any real property and incidental personal property that is either (a) a health care facility or (b) necessary or incidental to the use of a health care facility—acquired by a REIT as the result of the termination of a lease of such property (other than a termination by reason of a default, or the imminence of a default, on the lease). Any gain from the sale of property for which a foreclosure property election has been made and remains in place generally will not be subject to the 100% tax on gains from prohibited transactions described above, even if the property would otherwise constitute inventory or dealer property. To the extent that we receive any income from foreclosure property that does not qualify for purposes of the 75% gross income test, we intend to make an election to treat the related property as foreclosure property if the election is available (which may not be the case with respect to any acquired "distressed loans").

Like-Kind Exchanges

        We have in the past disposed of properties in transactions intended to qualify as like-kind exchanges under the Internal Revenue Code, and may continue this practice in the future. Such like-kind exchanges are intended to result in the deferral of gain for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The failure of any such transaction to qualify as a like-kind exchange could subject us to U.S. federal income tax, possibly including the 100% prohibited transaction tax, depending on the facts and circumstances surrounding the particular transaction.

Penalty Tax

        Any redetermined rents, redetermined deductions or excess interest we generate will be subject to a 100% penalty tax. In general, redetermined rents are rents from real property that are overstated as a result of any services furnished by one of our taxable REIT subsidiaries to any of our tenants, and redetermined deductions and excess interest represent any amounts that are deducted by a taxable REIT subsidiary of ours for amounts paid to us that are in excess of the amounts that would have been deducted based on arm's-length negotiations. Rents we receive will not constitute redetermined rents if they qualify for certain safe harbor provisions contained in the Internal Revenue Code.

        We believe that, in all instances in which our taxable REIT subsidiaries provide services to our tenants, the fees paid to such taxable REIT subsidiaries for such services are at arm's-length rates, although the fees paid may not satisfy the safe harbor provisions referenced above. These determinations are inherently factual, and the IRS has broad discretion to assert that amounts paid between related parties should be reallocated to clearly reflect their respective incomes. If the IRS successfully made such an assertion, we would be required to pay a 100% penalty tax on the excess of an arm's-length fee for tenant services over the amount actually paid.

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Asset Tests

        At the close of each calendar quarter of our taxable year, we also must satisfy the following tests relating to the nature and diversification of our assets.

        First, at least 75% of the value of our total assets, including assets held by our qualified REIT subsidiaries and our allocable share of the assets held by the partnerships and other entities treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes in which we own an interest, must be represented by real estate assets, cash, cash items, and government securities. For purposes of this test, the term "real estate assets" generally means real property (including interests in real property and interests in mortgages on real property) and shares (or transferable certificates of beneficial interest) in other REITs, as well as any stock or debt instrument attributable to the investment of the proceeds of a stock offering or a public debt offering with a term of at least five years, but only for the one-year period beginning on the date we receive such proceeds.

        Second, not more than 25% of the value of our total assets may be represented by securities other than those securities includable in the 75% asset test.

        Third, of the investments included in the 25% asset class and except for certain investments in other REITs, our qualified REIT subsidiaries and our taxable REIT subsidiaries, the value of any one issuer's securities may not exceed 5% of the value of our total assets, and we may not own more than 10% of the total vote or value of the outstanding securities of any one issuer, except, in the case of the 10% value test, securities satisfying the "straight debt" safe-harbor or securities issued by a partnership that itself would satisfy the 75% income test if it were a REIT. Certain types of securities are disregarded as securities solely for purposes of the 10% value test, including, but not limited to, any loan to an individual or an estate, any obligation to pay rents from real property and any security issued by a REIT. In addition, solely for purposes of the 10% value test, the determination of our interest in the assets of a partnership or limited liability company in which we own an interest will be based on our proportionate interest in any securities issued by the partnership or limited liability company, excluding for this purpose certain securities described in the Internal Revenue Code.

        Fourth, not more than 20% of the value of our total assets may be represented by the securities of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries.

        Fifth, not more than 25% of our total assets may be represented by debt instruments issued by publicly offered REITs that are "nonqualified" debt instruments (i.e., not secured by real property or interests in real property).

        We currently own some or all of the outstanding stock of several subsidiaries that have elected, together with us, to be treated as taxable REIT subsidiaries. So long as these subsidiaries qualify as taxable REIT subsidiaries, we will not be subject to the 5% asset test, the 10% voting securities limitation or the 10% value limitation with respect to our ownership of their securities. We may acquire securities in other taxable REIT subsidiaries in the future. We believe that the aggregate value of our taxable REIT subsidiaries has not exceeded and in the future will not exceed 20% of the aggregate value of our gross assets. With respect to each issuer in which we currently own an interest that does not qualify as a REIT, a qualified REIT subsidiary or a taxable REIT subsidiary, we believe that our ownership of the securities of any such issuer has complied and in the future will comply with the 5% value limitation, the 10% voting securities limitation and the 10% value limitation. No independent appraisals have been obtained to support these conclusions. In addition, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not disagree with our determinations of value. We may also own, and may continue to make, certain loans that do not constitute real estate assets but which we believe qualify under the "straight debt safe harbor" and therefore satisfy the 10% value limitation described above.

        In addition, from time to time, we may acquire certain mezzanine loans secured by equity interests in pass-through entities that directly or indirectly own real property. Revenue Procedure 2003-65 (the

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"Revenue Procedure") provides a safe harbor pursuant to which mezzanine loans meeting the requirements of the safe harbor will be treated by the IRS as real estate assets for purposes of the REIT asset tests. In addition, any interest derived from such mezzanine loans will be treated as qualifying mortgage interest for purposes of the 75% gross income test (described above).

        Although the Revenue Procedure provides a safe harbor on which taxpayers may rely, it does not prescribe rules of substantive tax law. The mezzanine loans that we hold or acquire may not meet all of the requirements of the safe harbor. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not challenge the qualification of such assets as real estate assets or the interest generated by these loans as qualifying income under the 75% gross income test (described above).

        The asset tests described above must be satisfied at the close of each calendar quarter of our taxable year. After initially meeting the asset tests at the close of any quarter, we will not lose our status as a REIT for failure to satisfy the asset tests at the end of a later quarter solely by reason of changes in asset values unless we (directly or through our partnerships or limited liability companies) acquire securities in the applicable issuer, increase our ownership of securities of such issuer (including as a result of increasing our interest in a partnership or limited liability company which owns such securities), or acquire other assets. If we fail to satisfy an asset test because we acquire securities or other property during a quarter (including as a result of an increase in our interests in a partnership or limited liability company), we can cure this failure by disposing of sufficient nonqualifying assets within 30 days after the close of that quarter. We believe that we have maintained and intend to maintain adequate records of the value of our assets to ensure compliance with the asset tests. In addition, we intend to take such actions within 30 days after the close of any calendar quarter as may be required to cure any noncompliance.

        Certain relief provisions may be available to us if we discover a failure to satisfy the asset tests described above after the 30 day cure period. Under these provisions, we will be deemed to have met the 5% and 10% REIT asset tests if the value of our nonqualifying assets (i) does not exceed the lesser of (a) 1% of the total value of our assets at the end of the applicable quarter or (b) $10,000,000, and (ii) we dispose of the nonqualifying assets or otherwise satisfy such asset tests within (a) six months after the last day of the quarter in which the failure to satisfy the asset tests is discovered or (b) the period of time prescribed by Treasury Regulations to be issued. For violations of any of the asset tests due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect and that are, in the case of the 5% and 10% asset tests, in excess of the de minimis exception described above, we may avoid disqualification as a REIT after the 30 day cure period, by taking steps including (i) the disposition of sufficient nonqualifying assets, or the taking of other actions, which allow us to meet the asset tests within (a) six months after the last day of the quarter in which the failure to satisfy the asset tests is discovered or (b) the period of time prescribed by Treasury Regulations to be issued, (ii) paying a tax equal to the greater of (a) $50,000 or (b) the highest corporate tax rate multiplied by the net income generated by the nonqualifying assets, and (iii) disclosing certain information to the IRS.

        Although we believe that we have satisfied the asset tests described above and plan to take steps to ensure that we satisfy such tests for any quarter with respect to which retesting is to occur, there can be no assurance that we will always be successful or will not require a reduction in our overall interest in an issuer (including in a taxable REIT subsidiary). If we fail to cure any noncompliance with the asset tests in a timely manner and the relief provisions described above are not available, we would cease to qualify as a REIT. See "—Failure to Qualify" below.

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Distribution Requirements

        To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we are required to annually distribute dividends, other than capital gain dividends, to our stockholders in an amount at least equal to the sum of:

        For these purposes, our "REIT taxable income" is computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction and our net capital gain. In addition, for purposes of this test, non-cash income means income attributable to leveling of stepped rents, original issue discount on purchase money debt, cancellation of indebtedness, and any like-kind exchanges that are later determined to be taxable.

        In addition, if we dispose of any asset we acquired from a corporation which is or has been a C corporation in a transaction in which our basis in the asset is determined by reference to the basis of the asset in the hands of that C corporation, within the five-year period following our acquisition of such asset, we would be required to distribute at least 90% of the after-tax gain, if any, we recognized on the disposition of the asset, to the extent that gain does not exceed the excess of (a) the fair market value of the asset, over (b) our adjusted basis in the asset, in each case, on the date we acquired the asset.

        We generally must make dividend distributions in the taxable year to which they relate. Dividend distributions may be made in the following year in two circumstances. First, if we declare a dividend in October, November, or December of any year with a record date in one of these months and pay the dividend on or before January 31 of the following year, such distributions are treated as both paid by us and received by each shareholder on December 31 of the year in which they are declared. Second, distributions may be made in the following year if they are declared before we timely file our tax return for the year and if made with or before the first regular dividend payment after such declaration. These distributions are taxable to our shareholders in the year in which paid, even though the distributions relate to our prior taxable year for purposes of the 90% distribution requirement.

        For distributions to satisfy the annual distribution requirement for REITs, and to provide REITs with a REIT-level tax deduction, the distributions must not be "preferential dividends." A dividend is not a preferential dividend if the distribution is (1) pro rata among all outstanding shares of stock within a particular class and (2) in accordance with the preferences among different classes of stock as set forth in the REIT's organizational documents. This requirement does not apply to publicly offered REITs, including us, but does apply to our subsidiary REITs.

        To the extent that we do not distribute all of our net capital gain or distribute at least 90%, but less than 100%, of our "REIT taxable income," as adjusted, we will be required to pay tax on the undistributed amount at regular corporate tax rates. We believe we have made, and intend to continue to make, timely distributions sufficient to satisfy these annual distribution requirements and to minimize our corporate tax obligations. In certain circumstances we may elect to retain, rather than distribute, our net long-term capital gains and pay tax on such gains. In this case, we could elect for our shareholders to include their proportionate share of such undistributed long-term capital gains in income, and to receive a corresponding credit for their share of the tax that we paid. Our shareholders would then increase their adjusted basis of their stock by the difference between (1) the amounts of capital gain dividends that we designated and that they included in their taxable income, minus (2) the tax that we paid on their behalf with respect to that income.

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that we generally will have sufficient cash or liquid assets to enable us to satisfy the distribution requirements described above. However, from time to time, we may not have sufficient cash or other liquid assets to meet these distribution requirements due to timing differences between the actual receipt of income and payment of deductible expenses, and the inclusion of income and deduction of expenses in determining our taxable income. In addition, we may decide to retain our cash, rather than distribute it, in order to repay debt or for other reasons. If these timing differences occur, we may be required to borrow funds to pay cash dividends or we may be required to pay dividends in the form of taxable stock dividends in order to meet the distribution requirements.

        In an acquisition of a C corporation in a transaction in which the basis of the corporation's assets in our hands is determined by reference to the basis of the assets in the hands of the acquired corporation (a "Carry-Over Basis Transaction"), we may succeed to the tax liabilities and earnings and profits of the acquired C corporation. To qualify as a REIT, we must distribute any such earnings and profits by the close of the taxable year in which the transaction occurs. Any adjustments to the acquired corporation's income for taxable years ending on or before the date of the transaction, including as a result of an examination of the corporation's tax returns by the IRS, could affect the calculation of the corporation's earnings and profits. If the IRS were to determine that we acquired earnings and profits from a corporation that we failed to distribute prior to the end of the taxable year in which the Carry-Over Basis Transaction occurred, we could avoid disqualification as a REIT by using "deficiency dividend" procedures. Under these procedures, we generally would be required to distribute any such earnings and profits to our stockholders within 90 days of the determination and pay a statutory interest charge at a specified rate to the IRS.

        Under certain circumstances, we may be able to rectify an inadvertent failure to meet the distribution requirements for a year by paying "deficiency dividends" to our stockholders in a later year, which may be included in our deduction for dividends paid for the earlier year. Thus, we may be able to avoid being taxed on amounts distributed as deficiency dividends, subject to the 4% excise tax described below. However, we will be required to pay interest to the IRS based upon the amount of any deduction claimed for deficiency dividends.

        Furthermore, we will be required to pay a 4% excise tax to the extent we fail to distribute during each calendar year or at least the sum of 85% of our ordinary income for such year, 95% of our capital gain net income for the year and any undistributed taxable income from prior periods. Any ordinary income and net capital gain on which this excise tax is imposed for any year is treated as an amount distributed during that year for purposes of calculating such tax.

Failure to Qualify

        Specified cure provisions are available to us in the event that we discover a violation of a provision of the Internal Revenue Code that would result in our failure to qualify as a REIT. Except with respect to violations of the REIT income tests and assets tests (for which the cure provisions are described above), and provided the violation is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect, these cure provisions generally impose a $50,000 penalty for each violation in lieu of a loss of REIT status. If we fail to qualify for taxation as a REIT in any taxable year, and the relief provisions of the Internal Revenue Code do not apply, we will be required to pay tax on our taxable income at regular corporate tax rates. Distributions to our stockholders in any year in which we fail to qualify as a REIT will not be deductible by us, and we will not be required to distribute any amounts to our stockholders. As a result, we anticipate that our failure to qualify as a REIT would reduce the cash available for distribution by us to our stockholders. In addition, if we fail to qualify as a REIT, all distributions to our stockholders will be taxable as regular corporate dividends to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits. In this event, subject to certain limitations under the Internal Revenue Code, corporate distributees may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction and individuals may be eligible for preferential tax rates on any qualified dividend income. Unless entitled

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to relief under specific statutory provisions, we will also be disqualified from taxation as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year in which we lost our qualification. It is not possible to state whether in all circumstances we would be entitled to this statutory relief.

Taxation of Holders of Our Stock

        The following summary describes certain of the U.S. federal income tax considerations of owning and disposing of our stock. These rules are complex, and no attempt is made herein to provide more than a brief summary of such rules. Accordingly, the discussion does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be relevant to a holder in light of its particular circumstances and does not address any state, local or foreign tax consequences. We urge holders to consult their tax advisors to determine the impact of U.S. federal, state, local and foreign income tax laws on the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of shares of our stock, including any reporting requirements.

Taxable U.S. Stockholders Generally

        If you are a "U.S. holder," as defined below, this section or the section entitled "Tax-Exempt Stockholders" applies to you. Otherwise, the section entitled "non-U.S. Stockholders," applies to you.

Definition of U.S. Holder

        A "U.S. holder" is a beneficial holder of our capital stock or debt securities who is:

        A "non-U.S. holder" is a beneficial holder of shares of our capital stock or debt securities who is not a U.S. holder.

Distributions Generally

        Distributions out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits will be treated as dividends and, other than capital gain dividends and certain amounts that have previously been subject to corporate level tax, discussed below, will be taxable to taxable U.S. holders as ordinary income when received, except as described below. See "—Tax Rates" below. As long as we qualify as a REIT, these distributions will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction in the case of U.S. holders that are corporations or, except to the extent provided in "—Tax Rates" below, the preferential rates on qualified dividend income applicable to non-corporate taxpayers. However, under the TCJA, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2026, stockholders that are individuals, trusts, or estates are generally entitled to deduct up to 20% of certain qualified business income, including "qualified REIT dividends" (generally, dividends received by a REIT shareholder that are not designated as capital gain dividends or qualified dividend income), subject to certain limitations. For purposes of determining whether distributions to holders of our stock are out of current or accumulated earnings and profits, our earnings and profits will be allocated first to our outstanding preferred stock and then to our outstanding common stock.

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        To the extent that we make distributions on our stock in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, these distributions will be treated first as a return of capital to a U.S. holder which will not be subject to tax. This treatment will reduce the U.S. holder's adjusted tax basis in its shares of our stock by the amount of the distribution, but not below zero. Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits and in excess of a U.S. holder's adjusted tax basis in its shares will be taxable as capital gain. Such gain will be taxable as long-term capital gain if the shares have been held for more than one year. Dividends we declare in October, November, or December of any year and which are payable to a holder of record on a specified date in any of these months will be treated as both paid by us and received by the holder on December 31 of that year, provided we actually pay the dividend on or before January 31 of the following year. U.S. holders may not include in their own income tax returns any of our net operating losses or capital losses.

        Certain dividends partially paid in our common stock and partially paid in cash that comply with IRS guidance, will be taxable to recipient U.S. holders to the same extent as if paid in cash. See "Taxation of the Company—Annual Distribution Requirements" above.

Capital Gain Dividends

        Dividends that we properly designate as capital gain dividends will be taxable to taxable U.S. holders as gains from the sale or disposition of a capital asset, to the extent that such gains do not exceed our actual net capital gain for the taxable year. These dividends may be taxable to non-corporate U.S. holders at preferential rates applicable to capital gains. See "—Tax Rates" below. U.S. holders that are corporations may, however, be required to treat up to 20% of some capital gain dividends as ordinary income. If we properly designate any portion of a dividend as a capital gain dividend then, except as otherwise required by law, we are required by the terms of our corporate charter to allocate a portion of the total capital gain dividends paid to holders of all classes of our stock for the year to the holders of our preferred stock in proportion to the amount that our total dividends, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, paid to the holders of such stock for the year bears to the total dividends, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, paid or made available to holders of all classes of our stock for the year.

Retention of Net Capital Gains

        We may elect to retain, rather than distribute as a capital gain dividend, all or a portion of our net capital gains. If we make this election, we would pay tax on our retained net capital gains. In addition, to the extent we so elect, a U.S. holder generally would:

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Dispositions of Our Stock

        If a U.S. holder sells or disposes of shares of our stock to a person other than us, it will recognize gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes in an amount equal to the difference between the amount of cash and the fair market value of any property received on the sale or other disposition and its adjusted basis in the shares for tax purposes. This gain or loss, except as provided below, will be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. holder has held the stock for more than one year at the time of such sale or disposition. If, however, a U.S. holder recognizes loss upon the sale or other disposition of our stock that it has held for six months or less, after applying certain holding period rules, the loss recognized will be treated as a long-term capital loss, to the extent the U.S. holder received distributions from us that were required to be treated as long-term capital gains.

Redemption of Our Stock

        A redemption of shares of our stock will be treated under the Internal Revenue Code as a distribution taxable as a dividend to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits at ordinary income rates unless the redemption satisfies one of the tests set forth in Section 302(b) of the Internal Revenue Code and is therefore treated as a sale or exchange of the redeemed shares. The redemption will be treated as a sale or exchange if it:

        In determining whether any of these tests have been met, shares of capital stock, including common stock and other equity interests in us, considered to be owned by the U.S. holder by reason of certain constructive ownership rules set forth in the Internal Revenue Code, as well as shares of capital stock actually owned by the U.S. holder, must generally be taken into account. Because the determination as to whether any of the alternative tests of Section 302(b) of the Internal Revenue Code will be satisfied with respect to the U.S. holder depends upon the facts and circumstances at the time of the redemption, U.S. holders are advised to consult their tax advisors to determine the appropriate tax treatment.

        If a redemption of shares of our stock is treated as a distribution taxable as a dividend, the amount of the distribution will be measured by the amount of cash and the fair market value of any property received. A U.S. holder's adjusted basis in the redeemed shares for tax purposes will be transferred to its remaining shares of our capital stock, if any. If a U.S. holder owns no other shares of our capital stock, such basis may, under certain circumstances, be transferred to a related person or it may be lost entirely.

        If a redemption of shares of our stock is not treated as a distribution taxable as a dividend, it will be treated as a taxable sale or exchange in the manner described above under "—Dispositions of Our Stock."

Tax Rates

        The maximum tax rate for non-corporate taxpayers for (1) capital gains, including certain "capital gain dividends," is currently 20% (although depending on the characteristics of the assets which produced these gains and on designations which we may make, certain capital gain dividends may be taxed at a 25% rate); (2) "qualified dividend income" is currently 20%; and (3) ordinary income is currently 37%. Non-corporate taxpayers may also be subject to certain Medicare tax on investment income, as described below. In general, dividends payable by REITs are not eligible for the reduced tax

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rate on corporate dividends, except to the extent that certain holding requirements have been met and the REIT's dividends are attributable to dividends received from taxable corporations (such as its taxable REIT subsidiaries), to income that was subject to tax at the corporate/REIT level (for example, if it distributed taxable income that it retained and paid tax on in the prior taxable year), or to dividends properly designated by the REIT as "capital gain dividends." However, as described above under "—Distributions Generally," stockholders that are individuals, trusts, or estates may currently deduct up to 20% of "qualified REIT dividends" received, subject to certain limitations.

Tax-Exempt Stockholders

        Dividend income from us and gain arising upon a sale of shares of our stock generally should not be unrelated business taxable income ("UBTI") to a tax-exempt holder, except as described below. This income or gain will be UBTI, however, if a tax-exempt holder holds its shares as "debt-financed property" within the meaning of the Internal Revenue Code or if the shares are used in a trade or business of the tax-exempt holder. Generally, debt-financed property is property the acquisition or holding of which was financed through a borrowing by the tax-exempt holder.

        For tax-exempt holders which are social clubs, voluntary employee benefit associations, supplemental unemployment benefit trusts, or qualified group legal services plans exempt from U.S. federal income taxation under Sections 501(c)(7), (c)(9), (c)(17) or (c)(20) of the Internal Revenue Code, respectively, income from an investment in our shares will constitute UBTI unless the organization is able to properly claim a deduction for amounts set aside or placed in reserve for specific purposes so as to offset the income generated by its investment in our shares. These prospective investors should consult their tax advisors concerning these "set aside" and reserve requirements.

        Notwithstanding the above, however, a portion of the dividends paid by a "pension-held REIT" may be treated as UBTI as to certain trusts that hold more than 10%, by value, of the interests in the REIT. A REIT will not be a "pension-held REIT" if it is able to satisfy the "not closely held" requirement without relying on the "look-through" exception with respect to certain trusts or if such REIT is not "predominantly held" by "qualified trusts." As a result of limitations on the transfer and ownership of stock contained in our charter, we do not expect to be classified as a "pension-held REIT," and as a result, the tax treatment described in this paragraph should be inapplicable to our holders. However, because our stock is publicly traded, we cannot guarantee that this will always be the case.

Non-U.S. Stockholders

        The following discussion addresses the rules governing U.S. federal income taxation of the ownership and disposition of our stock by non-U.S. holders.

Distributions Generally

        Distributions (including certain stock dividends) that are neither attributable to gain from our sale or exchange of U.S. real property interests nor designated by us as capital gain dividends will be treated as dividends of ordinary income to the extent that they are made out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits. Such distributions ordinarily will be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty unless the distributions are treated as effectively connected with the conduct by the non-U.S. holder of a U.S. trade or business. Under certain treaties, however, lower withholding rates generally applicable to dividends do not apply to dividends from a REIT. Certain certification and disclosure requirements must be satisfied to be exempt from withholding under the effectively connected income exemption. Dividends that are treated as effectively connected with such a trade or business (and, in

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the case of certain income tax treaties, are attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed base maintained by the non-U.S. holder in the U.S.) will be subject to tax on a net basis at graduated rates, in the same manner as dividends paid to U.S. holders are subject to tax, and are generally not subject to withholding. Any such dividends received by a non-U.S. holder that is a corporation may also be subject to an additional branch profits tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty.

        Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits will not be taxable to a non-U.S. holder to the extent that such distributions do not exceed the non-U.S. holder's adjusted basis in our stock, but rather will reduce the non-U.S. holder's adjusted basis of such common stock. To the extent that these distributions exceed a non-U.S. holder's adjusted basis in our stock, they will give rise to gain from the sale or exchange of such stock. The tax treatment of this gain is described below.

        For withholding purposes, we expect to treat all distributions as made out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits. As a result, except with respect to certain distributions attributable to the sale of U.S. real property interests described below, we expect to withhold U.S. income tax at the rate of 30% on any distributions made to a non-U.S. holder unless:

        However, amounts withheld should generally be refundable if it is subsequently determined that the distribution was, in fact, in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, provided that certain conditions are met.

Capital Gain Dividends and Distributions Attributable to a Sale or Exchange of U.S. Real Property Interests

        Distributions to a non-U.S. holder that we properly designate as capital gain dividends, other than those arising from the disposition of a U.S. real property interest, generally should not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation, unless:

        Pursuant to the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act, which is referred to as "FIRPTA," distributions to a non-U.S. holder that are attributable to gain from our sale or exchange of U.S. real property interests (whether or not designated as capital gain dividends) will cause the non-U.S. holder to be treated as recognizing such gain as income effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business. Non-U.S. holders would generally be taxed at the same rates applicable to U.S. holders, subject to a special alternative minimum tax in the case of nonresident alien individuals (although, under the TCJA, the corporate alternative minimum tax has been repealed for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017). We will also be required to withhold and to remit to the IRS 21% of any

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distribution to a non-U.S. holder that is designated as a capital gain dividend, or, if greater, 21% of a distribution to the non-U.S. holder that could have been designated as a capital gain dividend. The amount withheld is creditable against the non-U.S. holder's U.S. federal income tax liability. However, any distribution with respect to any class of stock which is regularly traded on an established securities market located in the U.S. is not subject to FIRPTA, and therefore, not subject to the 21% U.S. withholding tax described above, if the non-U.S. holder did not own more than 10% of such class of stock at any time during the one-year period ending on the date of the distribution. Instead, such distributions generally will be treated in the same manner as ordinary dividend distributions.

Retention of Net Capital Gains

        Although the law is not clear on the matter, it appears that amounts we designate as retained capital gains in respect of the common stock held by U.S. holders generally should be treated with respect to non-U.S. holders in the same manner as actual distributions by us of capital gain dividends. Under this approach, a non-U.S. holder would be able to offset as a credit against its U.S. federal income tax liability resulting from its proportionate share of the tax paid by us on such retained capital gains, and to receive from the IRS a refund to the extent of the non-U.S. holder's proportionate share of such tax paid by us exceeds its actual U.S. federal income tax liability.

Sale of Our Stock

        Gain recognized by a non-U.S. holder upon the sale or exchange of our stock generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation under FIRPTA unless such stock constitutes a U.S. real property interest. Our stock will not constitute a U.S. real property interest so long as we are a domestically-controlled qualified investment entity. As discussed above, a domestically-controlled qualified investment entity includes a REIT in which at all times during a specified testing period less than 50% in value of its stock is held directly or indirectly by non-U.S. holders. We believe, but cannot guarantee, that we have been a "domestically-controlled qualified investment entity." Even if we have been a "domestically-controlled qualified investment entity," because our capital stock is publicly traded, no assurance can be given that we will continue to be a "domestically-controlled qualified investment entity."

        Even if we do not qualify as a "domestically-controlled qualified investment entity" at the time a non-U.S. holder sells or exchanges our stock, gain arising from such a sale or exchange would not be subject to U.S. taxation under FIRPTA as a sale of a "U.S. real property interest" if:

        If gain on the sale or exchange of our stock were subject to U.S. taxation under FIRPTA, the non-U.S. holder would be subject to regular U.S. federal income tax with respect to such gain in the same manner as a taxable U.S. holder (subject to any applicable alternative minimum tax and a special alternative minimum tax in the case of nonresident alien individuals). In addition, if our stock is not then traded on an established securities market, the purchaser of the stock would be required to withhold and remit to the IRS 15% of the purchase price. If amounts withheld on a sale, redemption, repurchase, or exchange of our stock exceed the holder's substantive tax liability resulting from such disposition, such excess may be refunded or credited against such non-U.S. holder's U.S. federal income tax liability, provided that the required information is provided to the IRS on a timely basis. Amounts withheld on any such sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of our stock may not satisfy a non-U.S. holder's entire tax liability under FIRPTA, and such non-U.S. holder remains liable for the timely payment of any remaining tax liability. In general, even if we are a domestically controlled

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qualified investment entity, upon disposition of our stock (subject to the 10% exception applicable to "regularly traded" stock described above), a non-U.S. holder may be treated as having gain from the sale or exchange of U.S. real property interest if the non-U.S. holder (1) disposes of our stock within a 30-day period preceding the ex-dividend date of a distribution, any portion of which, but for the disposition, would have been treated as gain from the sale or exchange of a U.S. real property interest and (2) acquires, enters into a contract or option to acquire, or is deemed to acquire other shares of our stock during the 61-day period beginning with the first day of the 30-day period described in clause (1).

        Gain from the sale of our stock not otherwise subject to FIRPTA will nonetheless be taxable in the United States to a non-U.S. holder in two cases: (1) if the non-U.S. holder's investment in our stock is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business conducted by such non-U.S. holder (and, in the case of certain income tax treaties, the gain is attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed base in the U.S.), the non-U.S. holder will be subject to the same treatment as a U.S. holder with respect to such gain, or (2) if the non-U.S. holder is a nonresident alien individual who was present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and has a "tax home" in the United States, the nonresident alien individual will be subject to a 30% tax on the individual's capital gain. Non-U.S. holders should contact their tax advisors regarding the tax consequences of any sale, exchange, or other taxable disposition of our stock.

Estate Tax

        If our stock is owned or treated as owned by an individual who is not a citizen or resident (as specially defined for U.S. federal estate tax purposes) of the United States at the time of such individual's death, the stock will be includable in the individual's gross estate for U.S. federal estate tax purposes, unless an applicable estate tax treaty provides otherwise, and may therefore be subject to U.S. federal estate tax.

Non-U.S. Holders of Our Debt Securities

        This section applies to you if you are a non-U.S. holder of the debt securities. The term "non-U.S. holder" means a beneficial owner of a debt security that is not a U.S. holder, as defined above.

        Special rules may apply to certain non-U.S. holders such as "controlled foreign corporations" and "passive foreign investment companies." Such entities are encouraged to consult their tax advisors to determine the U.S. federal, state, local and other tax consequences that may be relevant to them.

Payments of Interest

        Interest paid to a non-U.S. holder will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes or withholding tax if the interest is not effectively connected with the non-U.S. holder's conduct of a trade or business within the U.S. (or, in the case of certain income tax treaties, is not attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed base within the U.S.), and the non-U.S. holder:

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        If a non-U.S. holder does not qualify for an exemption under these rules, interest income from the debt securities may be subject to withholding tax at the rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate) at the time such interest is paid. The payment of interest effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business, however, would not be subject to a 30% withholding tax so long as the non-U.S. holder provides us or our paying agent an adequate certification (currently on IRS Form W-8ECI). However, to the extent that such interest is effectively connected with the non-U.S. holder's conduct of a trade or business (and, in the case of certain tax treaties, is attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed base within the United States), the non-U.S. holder will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net basis and, if it is a foreign corporation, may be subject to a 30% U.S. branch profits tax (or lower applicable treaty rate). To claim the benefit of a tax treaty, a non-U.S. holder must provide a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN or IRS Form W-8BEN-E before the payment of interest and a non-U.S. holder may be required to obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number and provide documentary evidence issued by foreign governmental authorities to prove residence in the foreign country.

Sale, Exchange or Other Taxable Disposition of Debt Securities

        Non-U.S. holders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax upon a sale, exchange, redemption, retirement or other taxable disposition of a debt security, unless either of the following is true:

        For non-U.S. holders described in the first bullet point above, the net gain derived from the retirement or disposition of the debt securities generally would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the rates applicable to U.S. persons generally (or lower applicable treaty rate). In addition, foreign corporations may be subject to a 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate) branch profits tax if the investment in the debt security is effectively connected with the foreign corporation's conduct of a U.S. trade or business. Non-U.S. holders described in the second bullet point above will be subject to a flat 30% U.S. federal income tax on the gain derived from the retirement or disposition of their debt securities, which may be offset by U.S. source capital losses, even though non-U.S. holders are not considered residents of the United States.

Other Tax Considerations

State, Local and Foreign Taxes

        We may be required to pay tax in various state, local or foreign jurisdictions, including those in which we transact business, and holders of our securities may be required to pay tax in various state, local or foreign jurisdictions, including those in which they reside. Our state, local and foreign tax treatment may not conform to the U.S. federal income tax consequences discussed above. For example, certain states apply a built-in gains tax to the sale of assets acquired from a C corporation in a Carry-Over Basis Transaction, described above, during the ten-year period following such asset

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acquisition. In addition, a holder's state, local and foreign tax treatment may not conform to the U.S. federal income tax consequences discussed above. Consequently, prospective investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the effect of state, local and foreign tax laws on an investment in our securities.

Legislative or Other Actions Affecting REITs

        The present U.S. federal income tax treatment of REITs may be modified, possibly with retroactive effect, by legislative, judicial or administrative action at any time. The REIT rules are constantly under review by persons involved in the legislative process and by the IRS and the U.S. Treasury Department which may result in statutory changes as well as revisions to regulations and interpretations.

        The effect of the significant changes made by the TCJA is highly uncertain, and administrative guidance, technical corrections, and amendments will be required in order to fully evaluate the effect of many provisions. We cannot predict the long-term effect of the TCJA or any future law changes on REITs or their stockholders. Changes to the U.S. federal tax laws and interpretations thereof could adversely affect an investment in our common stock.

Medicare 3.8% Tax on Investment Income

        Certain U.S. holders who are individuals, estates or trusts and whose income exceeds certain thresholds will be required to pay a 3.8% Medicare tax on dividends, interest and certain other investment income, including capital gains from the sale or other disposition of our common stock or debt securities. U.S. holders of our common stock or debt securities should consult their tax advisors regarding the possible applicability of this additional tax in their particular circumstances.

Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act

        Under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act ("FATCA"), withholding at a rate of 30% will generally be required on dividends and payments of interest in respect of, and, after December 31, 2018, gross proceeds from the sale of, shares of our stock or our debt securities held by or through certain foreign financial institutions (including investment funds), unless such institution (i) enters into an agreement with the U.S. Department of the Treasury to report, on an annual basis, information with respect to shares in, and accounts maintained by, the institution to the extent such shares or accounts are held by certain U.S. persons and by certain non-U.S. entities that are wholly or partially owned by U.S. persons and to withhold on certain payments, or (ii) complies with the terms of an intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country. Accordingly, the entity through which our stock is held will affect the determination of whether such withholding is required. Similarly, dividends and payments of interest in respect of, and, after December 31, 2018, gross proceeds from the sale of shares of our stock or of our debt securities held by an investor that is a non-financial non-U.S. entity that does not qualify under certain exemptions will be subject to withholding at a rate of 30%, unless such entity either (i) certifies that such entity does not have any "substantial United States owners" or (ii) provides certain information regarding the entity's "substantial United States owners," which we or the applicable withholding agent will in turn provide to the Secretary of the Treasury. An intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country, or future Treasury regulations or other guidance, may modify these requirements. We will not pay any additional amounts to investors in respect of any amounts withheld. Non-U.S. investors are encouraged to consult their tax advisors regarding the possible implications of the legislation on their investment in our stock or debt securities.

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

        We may sell the securities offered by this prospectus from time to time in one or more transactions, including without limitation:

        A prospectus supplement with respect to each offering of securities will state the terms of the offering of the securities, including:

        The offer and sale of the securities described in this prospectus by us, the underwriters or the third parties described above may be effected from time to time in one or more transactions, including privately negotiated transactions, either:

General

        Any public offering price and any discounts, commissions, concessions or other items constituting compensation allowed or reallowed or paid to underwriters, dealers, agents or remarketing firms may be changed from time to time. Underwriters, dealers, agents and remarketing firms that participate in the distribution of the offered securities may be "underwriters" as defined in the Securities Act. Any discounts or commissions they receive from us and any profits they receive on the resale of the offered securities may be treated as underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. We will identify any underwriters, dealers, agents or remarketing firms and describe their commissions, fees or discounts in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, as the case may be.

Underwriters, Agents and Remarketing Firms

        If underwriters are used in a sale, they will acquire the offered securities for their own account. The underwriters may resell the offered securities in one or more transactions, including negotiated

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transactions. These sales may be made at a fixed public offering price or prices, which may be changed, at market prices prevailing at the time of the sale, at prices related to such prevailing market price or at negotiated prices. We may offer the securities to the public through an underwriting syndicate or through a single underwriter. The underwriters in any particular offering will be stated in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, as the case may be.

        Unless otherwise specified in connection with any particular offering of securities, the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the offered securities will be subject to certain conditions contained in an underwriting agreement that we will enter into with the underwriters at the time of the sale to them. The underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of the securities offered if any of the securities are purchased, unless otherwise specified in connection with any particular offering of securities. Any initial offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed, reallowed or paid to dealers may be changed from time to time.

        We may designate agents to sell the offered securities. Unless otherwise specified in connection with any particular offering of securities, the agents will agree to use their best efforts to solicit purchases for the period of their appointment. We may also sell the offered securities to one or more remarketing firms, acting as principals for their own accounts or as agents for us. These firms will remarket the offered securities upon purchasing them in accordance with a redemption or repayment pursuant to the terms of the offered securities. A prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, as the case may be, will identify any remarketing firm and will describe the terms of its agreement, if any, with us and its compensation.

        In connection with offerings made through underwriters or agents, we may enter into agreements with such underwriters or agents pursuant to which we receive our outstanding securities in consideration for the securities being offered to the public for cash. In connection with these arrangements, the underwriters or agents may also sell securities covered by this prospectus to hedge their positions in these outstanding securities, including in short sale transactions. If so, the underwriters or agents may use the securities received from us under these arrangements to close out any related open borrowings of securities.

Dealers

        We may sell the offered securities to dealers as principals. We may negotiate and pay dealers' commissions, discounts or concessions for their services. Dealers may then resell such securities to the public either at varying prices to be determined by the dealers or at a fixed offering price agreed to with us at the time of resale. Dealers engaged by us may allow other dealers to participate in resales.

Direct Sales

        We may choose to sell the offered securities directly. In this case, no underwriters or agents would be involved.

Institutional Purchasers

        We may authorize agents, dealers or underwriters to solicit certain institutional investors to purchase offered securities on a delayed delivery basis pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on a specified future date. The applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, as the case may be, will provide the details of any such arrangement, including the offering price and commissions payable.

        We will enter into such delayed contracts only with institutional purchasers that we approve. These institutions may include commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies and educational and charitable institutions.

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Indemnification; Other Relationships

        We may have agreements with underwriters, dealers, agents and remarketing firms to indemnify them against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. Underwriters, dealers, agents and remarketing firms, and their affiliates, may engage in transactions with, or perform services for, us in the ordinary course of business. These transactions include commercial banking and investment banking transactions.

Market Making, Stabilization and Other Transactions

        There is currently no market for any of the offered securities, other than our common stock, which is listed for trading on the NYSE. If the offered securities are traded after their initial issuance, they may trade at a discount from their initial offering price, depending upon prevailing interest rates, the market for similar securities and other factors. While it is possible that an underwriter could inform us that it intended to make a market in the offered securities, such underwriter would not be obligated to do so, and any such market making could be discontinued at any time without notice. Therefore, no assurance can be given as to whether an active trading market will develop for the offered securities. We have no current plans for listing of preferred stock, depositary shares, debt securities or warrants offered by this prospectus on any securities exchange; any such listing with respect to any particular preferred stock, depositary shares, debt securities or warrants will be described in an applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, as the case may be.

        In connection with any offering of securities, the underwriters may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the securities. Specifically, the underwriters may overallot in connection with the offering, creating a short position in the securities for their account. In addition, to cover overallotments or to stabilize the price of the securities, the underwriters may bid for, and purchase, securities in the open market. Finally, an underwriting syndicate may reclaim selling concessions allowed to an underwriter or a dealer for distributing the securities in the offering if the syndicate repurchases previously distributed securities in transactions to cover syndicate short positions, in stabilization transactions, or otherwise. Any of these activities may cause the price of securities to be higher than it would be in the absence of the transactions. The underwriters are not required to engage in these activities and, if they commence these transactions, may discontinue any of these activities at any time.

Fees and Commissions

        In compliance with the guidelines of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., or FINRA, the aggregate maximum discount, commission or agency fees or other items constituting underwriting compensation to be received by any FINRA member or independent broker-dealer shall be fair and reasonable.

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VALIDITY OF SECURITIES

        Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, the validity of the securities offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Ballard Spahr LLP, Baltimore, Maryland and/or Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, New York, New York.


EXPERTS

        The consolidated financial statements, and the related financial statement schedules, incorporated in this Prospectus by reference from HCP, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K, and the effectiveness of HCP, Inc. and subsidiaries' internal control over financial reporting have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their reports, which are incorporated herein by reference (which reports express an unqualified opinion and include an explanatory paragraph regarding the Company's adoption of Accounting Standards Update 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business). Such consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedules have been so incorporated in reliance upon the reports of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

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GRAPHIC

$1,000,000,000

HCP, Inc.

Common Stock



PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

February 26, 2019



J.P. Morgan

Barclays

BNY Mellon Capital Markets, LLC

BofA Merrill Lynch

Citigroup

Credit Agricole CIB

Credit Suisse

Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC

Mizuho Securities

Morgan Stanley

RBC Capital Markets

UBS Investment Bank

Wells Fargo Securities